A Genetic Algorithm for Optimum Design of PID Controller in Multi Area Load Frequency Control for Egyptian Electrical Grid

This paper addresses the basic Load Frequency Control (LFC) model for the Egyptian electrical grid at 2024 after adding the first Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The paper proposes a Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique used to determine the optimal tuning of the PID controllers parameters to improve the dynamic stability problem. Five types of energy sources transfer function block diagram models "thermal, hydraulic, gas, nuclear, wind" are simulated as a multi area power system by using MATLAB/SIMULINK to study the stability of the system. The performance of the proposed method is assessed compared to conventional PID controller in terms of Frequency response. A comparison with conventional PID controller shows that the proposed approach strategy can reduce the amplitude of oscillation and effectively enhance system stability. Keywords--Egyptian grid; Load Frequency Control (LFC); PID controller; genetic algorithm.

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