论文信息 - Effects of Age and Social Comparison upon Children's Noncontingent Self-Reinforcement and the Value of a Reinforcer.

Effects of Age and Social Comparison upon Children's Noncontingent Self-Reinforcement and the Value of a Reinforcer.

MASTERS, JOHN C. Effects of Age and Social Comparison upon Children's Noncontingent SelfReinforcement and the Value of a Reinforcer. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1973, 44, 111-116. 4and 7-year-old. children played a game with a peer and received more, fewer, or the same number of rewards as he (social comparison). For half of the children any reward discrepancy was attributed to the quality of his performance (contingent), and for half it was not. Social comparison affected the subsequent noncontingent self-reinforcement of younger children only. Younger children rewarded themselves more generously than did older children and valued the rewards less. Girls valued the rewards less than did boys. Social comparison affected the value of a reward similarly for children of each age. There was no effect of reward contingency. The results are discussed in the context of success and failure effects upon children's selfreinforcement.

J. C. Masters

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