Polarized Light in Animal Vision

[1]  M. Srinivasan,et al.  Spectral properties of movement perception in the dronefly Eristalis , 2004, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[2]  M. J. Wells,et al.  RETINAL ORIENTATION AND THE DISCRIMINATION OF POLARIZED LIGHT BY OCTOPUSES , 1961 .

[3]  M F MOODY,et al.  Discrimination of polarized light by octopus. , 1960, Nature.

[4]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  The common white sucker (Catostomus commersoni ): a fish with ultraviolet sensitivity that lacks polarization sensitivity , 1998, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[5]  R. M. Eakin The third eye , 1970 .

[6]  R. Wehner The Hymenopteran Skylight Compass: Matched Filtering and Parallel Coding , 1989 .

[7]  K. Able,et al.  Ontogeny of migratory orientation in the savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis: calibration of the magnetic compass , 1990, Animal Behaviour.

[8]  T. Takashima,et al.  Polarimetry of the daytime sky during solar eclipses , 1972 .

[9]  J. Phillips,et al.  The role of extraocular photoreceptors in newt magnetic compass orientation: parallels between light-dependent magnetoreception and polarized light detection in vertebrates. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[10]  T. Gehrels,et al.  Planets, Stars and Nebulae Studied with Photopolarimetry , 1974 .

[11]  K. Able The development of migratory orientation mechanisms. , 1991, EXS.

[12]  K. Montgomery,et al.  Concerning the Ability of Homing Pigeons to Discriminate Patterns of Polarized Light. , 1952, Science.

[13]  W. Keeton,et al.  Detection of polarized light by the homing pigeon,Columba livia , 1974, Journal of Comparative Physiology.

[14]  L. Trueb,et al.  Biology of Amphibians , 1986 .

[15]  U. Homberg,et al.  Anatomy and physiology of neurons with processes in the accessory medulla of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae , 2001, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[16]  W. Mason,et al.  Characterization of the lipid composition of squid rhabdome outer segments. , 1973, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.

[17]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Neutral points of skylight polarization observed during the total eclipse on 11 August 1999. , 2003, Applied optics.

[18]  The physical basis of reflective communication between fish, with special reference to the horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus , 1997 .

[19]  K. Fent,et al.  Polarized skylight orientation in the desert antCataglyphis , 1986, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[20]  Paul J. Curran,et al.  Polarized visible light as an aid to vegetation classification , 1982 .

[21]  E. de Bary,et al.  Messungen der Himmelsstrahlung und deren Polarisationsgrad während der Sonnenfinsternis am 15.2.1961 in Viareggio (Italien) , 1961 .

[22]  S. Åkesson,et al.  Orientation in pied flycatchers: the relative importance of magnetic and visual information at dusk , 1999, Animal Behaviour.

[23]  D. Hamasaki,et al.  Adaptive Radiation of the Pineal System , 1977 .

[24]  N. Franceschini,et al.  Electrophysiological analysis of fly retina , 1979, Journal of comparative physiology.

[25]  D. H. Taylor,et al.  Orientation of Amphibians by Linearly Polarized Light , 1978 .

[26]  R Wehner,et al.  Oceili: A Celestial Compass in the Desert Ant Cataglyphis , 1985, Science.

[27]  D. H. Taylor,et al.  Homeward orientation mechanisms in three species of turtles (Trionyx spinifer, Chrysemys picta, and Terrapene carolina) , 1980, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[28]  H. Browman,et al.  Foraging and prey-search behaviour of small juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under polarized light. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[29]  Edward Collett,et al.  Polarized light. Fundamentals and applications , 1993 .

[30]  T. Labhart,et al.  Detectors for polarized skylight in insects: a survey of ommatidial specializations in the dorsal rim area of the compound eye , 1999, Microscopy research and technique.

[31]  K. Frisch,et al.  Gelöste und ungelöste Rätsel der Bienensprache , 2004, Naturwissenschaften.

[32]  T. Labhart Polarization-Sensitive Interneurons in the Optic Lobe of the Desert Ant Cataglyphis bicolor , 2000, Naturwissenschaften.

[33]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  Specialized photoreceptors at the dorsal rim of the honeybee's compound eye: Polarizational and angular sensitivity , 1980, Journal of comparative physiology.

[34]  G. Horváth,et al.  Visual ecological impact of a peculiar waste oil lake on the avifauna: Dual-choice field experiments with water-seeking birds using huge shiny black and white plastic sheets , 2001 .

[35]  O. V. Helversen,et al.  Polarized light orientation in honey bees: Is time a component in sampling? , 1987, Biological Cybernetics.

[36]  R. Hardie Functional Organization of the Fly Retina , 1985 .

[37]  M. F. Land,et al.  The visual control of courtship behaviour in the fly Poecilobothrus nobilitatus , 1993, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[38]  C. Meinecke The fine structure of the compound eye of the African armyworm moth, Spodoptera exempta walk. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.

[39]  J. J. Vos,et al.  CONTRIBUTION OF THE RETINA TO ENTOPTIC SCATTER. , 1964, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[40]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Polarization of the moonlit clear night sky measured by full‐sky imaging polarimetry at full Moon: Comparison of the polarization of moonlit and sunlit skies , 2001 .

[41]  R. Wehner,et al.  The retina-lamina projection in the visual system of the bee, Apis mellifera , 1975, Cell and Tissue Research.

[42]  Richard A. Bone,et al.  The role of the macular pigment in the detection of polarized light , 1980, Vision Research.

[43]  P. Görner,et al.  Homing Behavior and Orientation in the Funnel-Web Spider, Agelena labyrinthica Clerck , 1985 .

[44]  S. Laughlin,et al.  The structures of dorsal and ventral regions of a dragonfly retina , 1978, Cell and Tissue Research.

[45]  N. Schellart The visual pathways and central non-tectal processing , 1990 .

[46]  A. Snyder,et al.  Polarisation Sensitivity of Twisted Fused Rhabdoms , 1975 .

[47]  R. Wehner,et al.  Calibration processes in desert ant navigation: vector courses and systematic search , 2002, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[48]  The timing of premating and mating behavior in a field population of the cricket Gryllus campestris L. , 1987, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[49]  T. Cronin,et al.  Polarization vision in cuttlefish in a concealed communication channel? , 1996, The Journal of experimental biology.

[50]  Raymond E. Arvidson Photometry and Polarization in Remote Sensing , 1986 .

[51]  M. Dambach,et al.  Giant rhabdomes in a specialized region of the compound eye of a cricket: Cycloptiloides canariensis (Insecta, Gryllidae) , 1983, Zoomorphology.

[52]  C. Brooke Worth,et al.  The Insect Societies , 1973 .

[53]  U. Smola,et al.  Twisted rhabdomeres in the dipteran eye , 1979, Journal of comparative physiology.

[54]  K. Horch,et al.  Mechanism of Polarized Light Perception , 1966, Science.

[55]  Uwe Homberg,et al.  Neurons of the Central Complex of the Locust Schistocerca gregaria are Sensitive to Polarized Light , 2002, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[56]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Polarization Portrait of the Arago Point: Video-polarimetric Imaging of the Neutral Points of Skylight Polarization , 1998, Naturwissenschaften.

[57]  S. R. Shaw,et al.  Simultaneous recording from two cells in the locust retina , 1967, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[58]  L. L. Sloan,et al.  A quantitative test for determining the visibility of the Haidinger brushes: clinical applications. , 1955, American journal of ophthalmology.

[59]  V. Meyer-Rochow Electrophysiology and histology of the eye of the bumblebee Bombus hortorum , 1981 .

[60]  F. Moore Sunrise, skylight polarization, and the early morning orientation of night-migrating warblers , 1986 .

[61]  George Adrian Horridge,et al.  The dorsal eye of the mayfly Atalophlebia (Ephemeroptera) , 1978, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[62]  N. Ninomiya,et al.  The fine structure of the compound eye of a damsel-fly , 2004, Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie.

[63]  K. Able,et al.  Ontogeny of migratory orientation in the savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis: Mechanisms at sunset , 1990, Animal Behaviour.

[64]  J. Landin Weather and Diurnal Periodicity of Flight by Helophorus brevipalpis Bedel (Col., Hydrophilidae) , 1969 .

[65]  T. Cronin,et al.  Spectral tuning and the visual ecology of mantis shrimps. , 2000, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

[66]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Double-cone internal reflection as a basis for polarization detection in fish. , 1998, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[67]  V. Bingman Magnetic Field Orientation of Migratory Savannah Sparrows With Different First Summer Experience , 1983 .

[68]  G. Birukow Photo-Geomenotaxis bei Geotrupes silvaticus Panz. und ihre zentralnervöse Koordination , 1954, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[69]  G. Martin,et al.  Optics of retinal oil droplets:A model of light collection and polarization detection in the avian retina , 1984, Vision Research.

[70]  Rüdiger Wehner,et al.  How bees analyse the polarization patterns in the sky , 1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[71]  F. Papi,et al.  Innate and Learned Components in the Astronomical Orientation of Wolf Spiders , 1963 .

[72]  J. Phillips,et al.  Changes in the short-term deflector loft effect are linked to the sun compass of homing pigeons , 1988, Animal Behaviour.

[73]  H. F. Landreth,et al.  Sun-Compass Orientation of Bullfrogs , 1968 .

[74]  Rüdiger Wehner,et al.  The POL area of the honey bee's eye: behavioural evidence , 1985 .

[75]  H. Neuberger Arago's Neutral Point: A Neglected Tool in Meteorological Research , 1950 .

[76]  B. Ronacher,et al.  Desert ants Cataglyphis fortis use self-induced optic flow to measure distances travelled , 1995, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[77]  C. Smith The compound eyes of mantis shrimps (Crustacea, Hoplocarida, Stomatopoda). II. Polychromatic vision by serial and lateral filtering , 1991 .

[78]  S. R. Shaw,et al.  Retinal resistance barriers and electrical lateral inhibition , 1975, Nature.

[79]  G W Kattawar,et al.  Neutral points in an atmosphere-ocean system. 1: Upwelling light field. , 1997, Applied optics.

[80]  Martin Wilson,et al.  The functional organisation of locust ocelli , 1978, Journal of comparative physiology.

[81]  G. V. Rozenberg,et al.  Twilight: A Study in Atmospheric Optics , 1966 .

[82]  K. Frisch Die Sonne als Kompaß im Leben der Bienen , 2005, Experientia.

[83]  J. Sivak,et al.  Chromatic dispersion of the ocular media , 1982, Vision Research.

[84]  J. E. Harker Swarm behaviour and mate competition in mayflies (Ephemeroptera) , 1992 .

[85]  Nils Gunnar Jerlov,et al.  Optical aspects of oceanography : [collection of the papers presented at the Symposium on Optical Aspects of Oceanography ... held at the Institute of Physical Oceanography in Copenhagen, 19th-23rd June 1972] , 1974 .

[86]  Mu-ming Poo,et al.  Lateral diffusion of rhodopsin in the photoreceptor membrane , 1974, Nature.

[87]  K. Bartsch Polarization-sensitive photoreceptors of different spectral types in the compound eye of waterstriders , 1995, Naturwissenschaften.

[88]  S M Luria,et al.  Linear polarizing filters and underwater vision. , 1974, Undersea biomedical research.

[89]  K. Arikawa,et al.  Localization of spectral receptors in the ommatidium of butterfly compound eye determined by polarization sensitivity , 1992, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[90]  The use of celestial cues in the offshore escape response of the shrimp, palaemonetes vulgaris , 1989 .

[91]  F. Gribakin,et al.  The Role of the Photoreceptor Membrane in Photoreceptor Optics , 1975 .

[92]  Blue through UV polarization sensitivities in insects , 1994, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[93]  W. Wellington,et al.  Bumblebee Ocelli and Navigation at Dusk , 1974, Science.

[94]  F. G. Gribakin,et al.  Dioptrics of the facet lenses in the dorsal rim area of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus , 2004, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[95]  R. Wehner Astronavigation in insects , 1984 .

[96]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Spatial orientation of rainbow trout to plane-polarized light: The ontogeny of E-vector discrimination and spectral sensitivity characteristics , 1990, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[97]  K. Adler Extraoptic Phase Shifting of Circadian Locomotor Rhythm in Salamanders , 1969, Science.

[98]  L. M. W. Leggett Polarised light-sensitive interneurones in a swimming crab , 1976, Nature.

[99]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  Behavioural evidence for polarization vision in crickets , 1987 .

[100]  G. D. Bernard,et al.  Twisted and non-twisted rhabdoms and their significance for polarization detection in the bee , 1975, Journal of comparative physiology.

[101]  K. Able Skylight polarization patterns at dusk influence migratory orientation in birds , 1982, Nature.

[102]  H. F. Landreth,et al.  Celestial Orientation of Fowler's Toad b uFo Fowleri , 1966 .

[103]  C. Simon,et al.  Homing Behavior of the Lizard Sceloporus jarrovi , 1989 .

[104]  R. Beason,et al.  Neuroethological aspects of avian orientation. , 1991, EXS.

[105]  B. Hochheimer,et al.  Retinal polarization effects. , 1982, Applied optics.

[106]  R. Wehner,et al.  How do ants acquire their celestial ephemeris function? , 2005, Naturwissenschaften.

[107]  Structural specializations of the cornea and retina at the dorsal rim of the compound eye in hymenopteran insects , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.

[108]  Simon B. Laughlin,et al.  The sensitivities of dragonfly photoreceptors and the voltage gain of transduction , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[109]  M. Freake,et al.  Homing behaviour in the sleepy lizard (Tiliqua rugosa): the role of visual cues and the parietal eye , 2001, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[110]  Aus dem Leben der Bienen , 1927 .

[111]  H. Glas Models for unambiguousE-vector navigation in the bee , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[112]  J. Nicol,et al.  Studies on the photoreceptors of Anchoa mitchilli and A. hepsetus (Engraulidae) with particular reference to the cones , 1978 .

[113]  K. Stockhammer,et al.  Zur Wahrnehmung der Schwingungsrichtung linear polarisierten Lichtes bei Insekten , 2004, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[114]  R. Schwind,et al.  Evidence for true polarization vision based on a two-channel analyzer system in the eye of the water bug,Notonecta glauca , 2004, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[115]  Response of teleosts to the plane of polarized light as determined by the heart beat rate. , 1981 .

[116]  S. Laughlin,et al.  Membranes, Dichroism and Receptor Sensitivity , 1975 .

[117]  S. Young,et al.  Swimming tracks in swarms of two cladoceran species , 1990, Animal Behaviour.

[118]  K. Karita,et al.  Intraretinal Discrimination of Horizontal and Vertical Planes of Polarized Light by Octopus , 1966, Nature.

[119]  J. Lythgoe The Ecology of vision , 1979 .

[120]  S. Wada Spezielle randzonale ommatidien von Calliphora Erythrocephala meig. (diptera calliphoridae): Architektur der zentralen rhabdomeren-kolumne und topographie im komplexauge , 1974 .

[121]  T. Waterman A Light Polarization Analyzer in the Compound Eye of Limulus. , 1950, Science.

[122]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Measurement of the reflection–polarization pattern of the flat water surface under a clear sky at sunset , 2001 .

[123]  J S Tyo,et al.  Target detection in optically scattering media by polarization-difference imaging. , 1996, Applied optics.

[124]  J. Nicol,et al.  Polarization of light reflected from the silvery exterior of the bleak, Alburnus alburnus , 1965, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

[125]  T. Tomita Polarized Light Responses from Octopus Single Retinular Cells (With 1 Text-figure) , 1971 .

[126]  M. KUWABARA,et al.  Response of a Single Retinula Cell to Polarized Light , 1959, Nature.

[127]  Sun compass orientation of immature bluegill , 1979 .

[128]  H. Wildermuth Dragonflies Recognize the Water of Rendezvous and Oviposition Sites by Horizontally Polarized Light: A Behavioural Field Test , 1998, Naturwissenschaften.

[129]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  Photoreceptor design and optical properties affecting polarization sensitivity in ants and crickets , 1987, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[130]  K Adler,et al.  EXTRAOCULAR PHOTORECEPTION IN AMPHIBIANS , 1976, Photophysiology.

[131]  N. Strausfeld,et al.  Optic lobe projections of marginal ommatidia in Calliphora erythrocephala specialized for detecting polarized light , 1985, Cell and Tissue Research.

[132]  M. Wada,et al.  New trends in photobiology , 1993 .

[133]  G. Beugnon Learned orientation in landward swimming in the cricket Pteronemobius Lineolatus , 1986, Behavioural Processes.

[134]  G. D. Bernard,et al.  Photoreceptor twist: a solution to the false-color problem. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[135]  M F Land,et al.  The physics and biology of animal reflectors. , 1972, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[136]  F. E. Smith,et al.  Bees, Daphnia, and Polarized Light , 1960 .

[137]  Uwe Homberg,et al.  Ultrastructure and orientation of ommatidia in the dorsal rim area of the locust compound eye. , 2002, Arthropod structure & development.

[138]  N Shashar,et al.  An ethogram of body patterning behavior in the biomedically and commercially valuable squid Loligo pealei off Cape Cod, Massachusetts. , 1999, The Biological bulletin.

[139]  K. Able,et al.  Migratory orientation: Autumn calibration of magnetic orientation is not evident in spring , 1996, Naturwissenschaften.

[140]  C. Melis,et al.  Moon and sun compasses in sandhoppers rely on two separate chronometric mechanisms , 1999, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[141]  R. L. Lee,et al.  Digital imaging of clear-sky polarization. , 1998, Applied optics.

[142]  G. Woodward Dragonflies: Behaviour and Ecology of Odonata , 2001 .

[143]  A. Hasler,et al.  The Role of the Sun's Altitude in Sun Orientation of Fish , 1964, Physiological Zoology.

[144]  G. Horváth,et al.  Reflection-Polarization pattern at water surfaces and correction of a common representation of the polarization pattern of the sky , 1993, Naturwissenschaften.

[145]  K. Coulson,et al.  Effects of the El Chichon volcanic cloud in the stratosphere on the polarization of light from the sky. , 1983, Applied optics.

[146]  Freake Evidence for orientation using the e-vector direction of polarised light in the sleepy lizard tiliqua rugosa , 1999, The Journal of experimental biology.

[147]  J Zeil,et al.  Signals from 'crabworld': cuticular reflections in a fiddler crab colony. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[148]  H. Kleerekoper,et al.  Locomotor response of the goldfish to polarized light and itse-vector , 1973, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[149]  David A. Ritz Polarised light responses in the shrimp Palaemonetes vulgaris (Say) , 1991 .

[150]  J. L. Gould,et al.  Skylight Polarization patterns and Animal Orientation , 1982 .

[151]  Bruce W. Fitch,et al.  Polarization of light reflected from grain crops during the heading growth stage , 1984 .

[152]  A. C. Neville,et al.  Form optical activity in crustacean cuticle , 1971 .

[153]  S. Via,et al.  THE ONTOGENY AND SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY OF POLAROTAXIS IN LARVAE OF THE CRAB RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISI (GOULD). , 1975, The Biological Bulletin.

[154]  The question of polarization , 1991, Nature.

[155]  W. Crozier,et al.  A NOTE ON THE RELATIVE PHOTOSENSORY EFFECT OF POLARIZED LIGHT , 1924, The Journal of general physiology.

[156]  Bartsch,et al.  Physiological optics in the hummingbird hawkmoth: a compound eye without ommatidia , 1999, The Journal of experimental biology.

[157]  Gilbert D. McCann,et al.  Spectral and Polarization Sensitivity of the Dipteran Visual System , 1972, The Journal of general physiology.

[158]  A. Marshall,et al.  The Fauna Of British India (1919) , 1919 .

[159]  H. Fernández-morán Fine Structure of the Insect Retinula as Revealed by Electron Microscopy , 1956, Nature.

[160]  C. Scholtz Unique foraging behaviour in Pachysoma (=Scarabaeus) striatum Castelnau (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): an adaptation to arid conditions? , 1989 .

[161]  D. H. Taylor,et al.  Extraocular perception of polarized light by orienting salamanders , 1973, Journal of comparative physiology.

[162]  M. F. Moody Evidence for the Intraocular Discrimination of Vertically and Horizontally Polarized Light by Octopus , 1962 .

[163]  J. Hailman Extremely Low Ambient Light Levels of Ascaphus truei , 1982 .

[164]  J. Butler,et al.  Ultrastructure of the Tabanidae compound eye: Unusual features for Diptera , 1991 .

[165]  G. H. Charles Orientational Movements of the Foot of Littorina Species in Relation to the Plane of Vibration of Polarized Light , 1961 .

[166]  L. J. Cox Ellipsometry and Polarized Light , 1978 .

[167]  D. Edmonds,et al.  A sensitive optically detected magnetic compass for animals , 1996, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[168]  Rüdiger Wehner,et al.  The spectral sensitivity of polarized light orientation inCataglyphis bicolor (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) , 1973, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[169]  H. Browman,et al.  Wavelength-dependent polarization orientation in Daphnia , 2000, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[170]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  First observation of the fourth neutral polarization point in the atmosphere. , 2002, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[171]  Gerald M. Rubin,et al.  The optic lobe projection pattern of polarization-sensitive photoreceptor cells in Drosophila melanogaster , 1991, Cell and Tissue Research.

[172]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Why is it advantageous for animals to detect celestial polarization in the ultraviolet? Skylight polarization under clouds and canopies is strongest in the UV. , 2004, Journal of theoretical biology.

[173]  K. R. Mckaye,et al.  Discrimination between Horizontally and Vertically Polarized Light by the Cichlid Fish Pseudotropheus macrophthalmus , 1978 .

[174]  Talbot H. Waterman Polarization Of Marine Light Fields And Animal Orientation , 1988, Defense, Security, and Sensing.

[175]  F. Moore,et al.  Sunset, skylight polarization and the migratory orientation of yellow-rumped warblers, Dendroica coronata , 1988, Animal Behaviour.

[176]  F. Moore,et al.  Calibration of the sun compass by sunset polarized light patterns in a migratory bird , 1992, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[177]  G. Horridge,et al.  Single electrode studies on the retina of the butterflyPapilio , 1983, Journal of comparative physiology.

[178]  K. -. Skrzipek,et al.  Die spektrale Transmission und die optische Aktivität des dioptrischen Apparates der Honigbiene (Apis mellifica L.) , 1974, Experientia.

[179]  L. B. Wolff Polarization camera for computer vision with a beam splitter , 1994 .

[180]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Why Are Water-Seeking Insects Not Attracted by Mirages? The Polarization Pattern of Mirages , 1997, Naturwissenschaften.

[181]  Rüdiger Wehner,et al.  What do the ants know about the rotation of the sky? , 1981, Nature.

[182]  Prof. Arthur D. Hasler,et al.  Olfactory Imprinting and Homing in Salmon , 1983, Zoophysiology.

[183]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  A cellular basis for polarized-light vision in rainbow trout , 1995, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[184]  T. Labhart,et al.  Fine structure and growth of the polarization-sensitive dorsal rim area in the compound eye of larval crickets , 2005, Naturwissenschaften.

[185]  Labhart,et al.  How polarization-sensitive interneurones of crickets see the polarization pattern of the sky: a field study with an opto-electronic model neurone , 1999, The Journal of experimental biology.

[186]  E N Pugh,et al.  Graded-index model of a fish double cone exhibits differential polarization sensitivity. , 1994, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[187]  W. Wiltschko,et al.  Magnetic versus celestial cues: cue-conflict experiments with migrating silvereyes at dusk , 1998, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[188]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Polarized-light sensitivity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): characterization from multi-unit responses in the optic nerve , 1993, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[189]  R Wehner,et al.  Homing in the Ant Cataglyphis bicolor , 1969, Science.

[190]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  Polarization-opponent interneurons in the insect visual system , 1988, Nature.

[191]  H. Kalmus Orientation of Animals to Polarized Light , 1959, Nature.

[192]  W. Schröer Zum mechanismus der analyse polarisierten lichtes bei Agelena gracilens C. L. Koch (Araneae, Agelenidae) , 1974, Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere.

[193]  Michael C. Barris,et al.  The Rainbow Bridge: Rainbows in Art, Myth, and Science. , 2002 .

[194]  S. Mirow Skin color in the squids Loligo pealii and Loligo opalescens , 1972, Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie.

[195]  D. Ferguson,et al.  Extraoptic Celestial Orientation in the Southern Cricket Frog Acris gryllus , 1970, Science.

[196]  B. Hämmerle,et al.  Structure of the dorsal eye region of the moth, Adoxophyes reticulana Hb. (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) , 1987 .

[197]  S. Pellicori,et al.  Polarizing properties of pulverized materials with special reference to the lunar surface. , 1971, Applied optics.

[198]  W. G. Fastie,et al.  Skylight intensity, polarization and airglow measurements during the total solar eclipse of 30 May 1965 , 1972 .

[199]  E. Snitzer,et al.  Observed Dielectric Waveguide Modes in the Visible Spectrum , 1961 .

[200]  Rüdiger Wehner,et al.  Polarization vision in bees , 1986, Nature.

[201]  Y. Kunz,et al.  Embryonic Fissures in Teleost Eyes and Their Possible Role in Detection of Polarized Light , 1989 .

[202]  P. Zwick Emergence, maturation and upstream oviposition flights of Plecoptera from the Breitenbach, with notes on the adult phase as a possible control of stream insect populations , 1990, Hydrobiologia.

[203]  M. Fingerman,et al.  The Orientation of Drosophila to Plane Polarized Light , 1953 .

[204]  Gert Stange,et al.  The ocellar component of flight equilibrium control in dragonflies , 1981, Journal of comparative physiology.

[205]  Labhart,et al.  How polarization-sensitive interneurones of crickets perform at low degrees of polarization , 1996, The Journal of experimental biology.

[206]  T. Labhart,et al.  Photoreceptor visual fields, ommatidial array, and receptor axon projections in the polarisation-sensitive dorsal rim area of the cricket compound eye , 2000, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[207]  Y. Tominaga,et al.  Identificaton of UV, green and red receptors, and their projection to lamina in the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.

[208]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Imaging polarimetry of the rainbow. , 2003, Applied optics.

[209]  G. Rybicki Radiative transfer , 2019, Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling.

[210]  Conmar Robinson,et al.  The Cholesteric Phase in Polypeptide Solutions and Biological Structures , 1966 .

[211]  Andreas G. Andreou,et al.  Polarization camera sensors , 1995, Image Vis. Comput..

[212]  T Labhart,et al.  Spatial integration in polarization-sensitive interneurones of crickets: a survey of evidence, mechanisms and benefits. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[213]  T. Waterman,et al.  Polarization Patterns in Submarine Illumination. , 1954, Science.

[214]  G. D. Bernard,et al.  Functional similarities between polarization vision and color vision , 1977, Vision Research.

[215]  D. Kennaway,et al.  Plasma Melatonin Levels in the Scincid Lizard Trachydosaurus Rugosus: The Effects of Parietal Eye and Lateral Eye Impairment , 1980 .

[216]  Polarization analysis in the crayfish visual system. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[217]  D. Burkhardt,et al.  Ein direkter Beweis für die Fähigkeit einzelner Sehzellen des Insektenauges, die Schwingungsrichtung polarisierten Lichtes zu analysieren , 1960, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[218]  R. L. Lee What are "all the colors of the rainbow"? , 1991, Applied optics.

[219]  D. H. Taylor,et al.  Polarized light perception and orientation in larval bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana , 1979, Animal Behaviour.

[220]  W. Ribi Do the rhabdomeric structures in bees and flies really twist? , 1979, Journal of Comparative Physiology.

[221]  Rudolf Jander,et al.  A sun compass in monarch butterflies , 1997, nature.

[222]  W. A. Shurcliff,et al.  Haidinger’s Brushes and Circularly Polarized Light , 1955 .

[223]  I. Noveles Flamarique,et al.  Photoreceptor types and their relation to the spectral and polarization sensitivities of clupeid fishes , 1998, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[224]  R. Stavn,et al.  Polarized light sensitivity in the stage I zoea of the mud crab Panopeus herbstii , 1978 .

[225]  S. Caveney Cuticle reflectivity and optical activity in scarab beetles: the role of uric acid , 1971, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[226]  E. Raschke,et al.  Video polarimetry: a new imaging technique in atmospheric science. , 1983, Applied optics.

[227]  Alison M. Sweeney,et al.  Insect communication: Polarized light as a butterfly mating signal , 2003, Nature.

[228]  N. Shashar,et al.  Cuttlefish use polarization sensitivity in predation on silvery fish , 2000, Vision Research.

[229]  D. Varjú Optomotorische Reaktionen auf die Bewegung periodischer Helligkeitsmuster , 1959 .

[230]  K. Schulten,et al.  A model for photoreceptor-based magnetoreception in birds. , 2000, Biophysical journal.

[231]  H. Wildermuth Habitat selection and oviposition site recognition by the dragonfly Aeshna juncea (L.): an experimental approach in natural habitats (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) , 1993 .

[232]  B. Dandekar,et al.  Day sky brightness and polarization during the total solar eclipse of 7 march 1970. , 1971, Applied optics.

[233]  N. Shashar,et al.  Polarization vision helps detect transparent prey , 1998, Nature.

[234]  D. Hunter,et al.  Automated detection of foveal fixation by use of retinal birefringence scanning. , 1999, Applied optics.

[235]  F. Gribakin,et al.  Polarization and spectral sensitivity of single photoreceptors of the domestic cricket , 1979, Neurophysiology.

[236]  R. Wehner,et al.  Verhaltensphysiologischer Nachweis des Farbensehens beiCataglyphis bicolor (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) , 1972, Journal of comparative physiology.

[237]  K. Frisch The dance language and orientation of bees , 1967 .

[238]  C. Shaw,et al.  Rancho La Brea: status and future , 1983, Paleobiology.

[239]  H. Autrum,et al.  Das Bienenauge als Analysator für polarisiertes Licht , 1950 .

[240]  G. Horváth,et al.  Visual ecological impact of "Shiny black anthropogenic products" on aquatic insects: Oil reservoirs and plastic sheets as polarized traps for insects associated with water , 2001 .

[241]  C. Bellver Influence of particulate pollution on the positions of neutral points in the sky at Seville (Spain) , 1987 .

[242]  E. Pugh,et al.  Double cones as a basis for a new type of polarization vision in vertebrates , 1991, Nature.

[243]  K. Frisch,et al.  Die Polarisation des Himmelslichtes als orientierender Faktor bei den Tänzen der Bienen , 1949, Experientia.

[244]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  Specialized ommatidia for polarization vision in the compound eye of cockchafers, Melolontha melolontha (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) , 1992, Cell and Tissue Research.

[245]  J. Phillips,et al.  Celestial polarized light patterns as a calibration reference for sun compass of homing pigeons , 1988 .

[246]  K. Able,et al.  Development of sunset orientation in a migratory bird: no calibration by the magnetic field , 1997, Animal Behaviour.

[247]  M. Land,et al.  The Compound Eyes of Mantis Shrimps (Crustacea, Hoplocarida, Stomatopoda). I. Compound Eye Structure: The Detection of Polarized Light , 1991 .

[248]  Talbot H. Waterman,et al.  Polarized Light and the Orientation of Two Marine Crustacea , 1957 .

[249]  G. Horridge,et al.  The rhabdom of the lobster eye. , 1965, The Quarterly journal of microscopical science.

[250]  G. Seitz Polarisationsoptische Untersuchungen am Auge von Calliphora erythrocephala (Meig.) , 1968, Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie.

[251]  Accepted June,et al.  Are the large monopolar cells of the insect lamina on the optomotor pathway , 1989 .

[252]  D. H. Taylor,et al.  The pineal body: Site of extraocular perception of celestial cues for orientation in the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) , 1978, Journal of comparative physiology.

[253]  E. Denton,et al.  Reflective properties of iridophores and fluorescent 'eyespots' in the loliginid squid Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[254]  H. Schöne Menotaktische Orientierung nach polarisiertem und unpolarisiertem Licht bei der Mangrovekrabbe Goniopsis , 1963, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[255]  N Shashar,et al.  Polarization contrast vision in Octopus. , 1996, The Journal of experimental biology.

[256]  W. S. Jagger,et al.  Membrane structure changes in rod outer segments associated with rhodopsin bleaching , 1974, Nature.

[257]  J. Tinbergen,et al.  Spectral sensitivity of the landing blowfly , 1983, Journal of comparative physiology.

[258]  G. Horváth,et al.  How the clear-sky angle of polarization pattern continues underneath clouds: full-sky measurements and implications for animal orientation. , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[259]  M. F. Land,et al.  The eye-movements of the mantis shrimp Odontodactylus scyllarus (Crustacea: Stomatopoda) , 1990, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[260]  J. L. Pezzaniti,et al.  Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry , 1995 .

[261]  J. R. Sambles,et al.  Structural colour: Colour mixing in wing scales of a butterfly , 2000, Nature.

[262]  T. Labhart,et al.  Pore canals in the cornea of a functionally specialized area of the honey bee's compound eye , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.

[263]  I. Hanski Spatial Patterns and Movements in Coprophagous Beetles , 1980 .

[264]  R. Tollrian,et al.  The impact of ultraviolet radiation on the vertical distribution of zooplankton of the genus Daphnia , 2001, Nature.

[265]  D. Baylor,et al.  Light path and photon capture in turtle photoreceptors. , 1975, The Journal of physiology.

[266]  R. Hemenger,et al.  Dichroism of the macular pigment and Haidinger's brushes. , 1982, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[267]  K. Adler,et al.  Spatial Orientation by Salamanders Using Plane-Polarized Light , 1973, Science.

[268]  W. Haupt Role of Light in Chloroplast Movement , 1973 .

[269]  M. Brines,et al.  Dynamic patterns of skylight polarization as clock and compass. , 1980, Journal of theoretical biology.

[270]  K. Able Orientation cues used by migratory birds: A review of cue-conflict experiments. , 1993, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[271]  Rüdiger Wehner,et al.  E-Vector orientation in bees , 1978, Journal of comparative physiology.

[272]  B J Frost,et al.  Eye movements in Daphnia pulex (De Geer). , 1975, The Journal of experimental biology.

[273]  F. Anton-Erxleben,et al.  Functional morphology of the ommatidia in the compound eye of the moth, Antheraea polyphemus (Insecta, Saturniidae) , 1988, Cell and Tissue Research.

[274]  J. Weintraub Homing in the lizard Sceloporus orcutti , 1970 .

[275]  Peter Nordström,et al.  Twilight orientation to polarised light in the crepuscular dung beetle Scarabaeus zambesianus , 2003, Journal of Experimental Biology.

[276]  T. D. Iles,et al.  The cichlid fishes of the great lakes of Africa: their biology and evolution, , 1972 .

[277]  H. F. Landreth Orientation and Behavior of the Rattlesnake, Crotalus atrox , 1973 .

[278]  R. Wehner,et al.  Restrictions on rotational and translational diffusion of pigment in the membranes of a rhabdomeric photoreceptor , 1977, The Journal of general physiology.

[279]  Reinhard Wolf,et al.  Polarization sensitivity of course control inDrosophila melanogaster , 1980, Journal of comparative physiology.

[280]  S. Wada,et al.  Spezielle randzonale ommatidien der fliegen (diptera : brachycera): architektur und verteilung in den komplexauaen , 1974, Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere.

[281]  H. R. Thompson,et al.  Visible-regime polarimetric imager: a fully polarimetric, real-time imaging system. , 2003, Applied optics.

[282]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  A behavioural study of polarization vision in the fly, Musca domestica , 1990, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[283]  Looking into the water with a facet eye , 1989, Biological Cybernetics.

[284]  Annick Bricaud,et al.  The POLDER mission: instrument characteristics and scientific objectives , 1994, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[285]  R. Wehner,et al.  Polarization patterns of the summer sky and its neutral points measured by full–sky imaging polarimetry in Finnish Lapland north of the Arctic Circle , 2001, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[287]  W. Wellington,et al.  CHANGES IN MOSQUITO FLIGHT ASSOCIATED WITH NATURAL CHANGES IN POLARIZED LIGHT , 1974, The Canadian Entomologist.

[288]  N. Shashar,et al.  Polarization reflecting iridophores in the arms of the squid Loligo pealeii. , 2001, The Biological bulletin.

[289]  E. R. Baylor The Responses of Snails to Polarized Light , 1959 .

[290]  P Artal,et al.  Double-pass imaging polarimetry in the human eye. , 1999, Optics letters.

[291]  K. Stockhammer Die Orientierung nach der Schwingungsrichtung linear polarisierten Lichtes und ihre sinnesphysiologischen Grundlagen , 1959 .

[292]  W. Wellington,et al.  Motor Responses Evoked By the Dorsal Ocelli of Sarcophaga Aldrichi Parker, and the Orientation of the fly to Plane Polarized Light , 1953, Nature.

[293]  R. Schwind,et al.  Zonation of the optical environment and zonation in the rhabdom structure within the eye of the backswimmer, Notonecta glauca , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.

[294]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Fine structure of the celestial polarization pattern and its temporal change during the total solar eclipse of 11 August 1999 , 2001 .

[295]  J. Delius,et al.  Polarized light discrimination by pigeons and an electroretinographic correlate. , 1976, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[296]  Robert Walraven,et al.  Polarization Imagery , 1977, Optics & Photonics.

[297]  L. Frantsevich,et al.  Orientation of bees by the polarized light of a limited area of the sky , 1973, Journal of comparative physiology.

[298]  F. E. Smith,et al.  The Orientation of Cladocera to Polarized Light , 1953, The American Naturalist.

[299]  Juan M. Bueno,et al.  Polarimetry using liquid-crystal variable retarders : theory and calibration , 2000 .

[300]  M. Land,et al.  Some optical features of the eyes of stomatopods , 1993, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[301]  Schwab S. Major,et al.  Polarized Light and Optical Measurement , 1972 .

[302]  R. Schwind A polarization-sensitive response of the flying water bugNotonecta glauca to UV light , 1983, Journal of comparative physiology.

[303]  Eric J. Warrant,et al.  A specialized dorsal rim area for polarized light detection in the compound eye of the scarab beetle Pachysoma striatum , 2002, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[304]  D. Burkhardt,et al.  Fine structure of the ommatidia and the occurrence of rhabdomeric twist in the dorsal eye of male Bibio marci (Diptera, Nematocera, Bibionidae) , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.

[305]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  The physiology of the cricket's compound eye with particular reference to the anatomically specialized dorsal rim area , 1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[306]  R. Glantz,et al.  Polarization sensitivity of crayfish photoreceptors is correlated with their termination sites in the lamina ganglionaris , 1985, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[307]  J Ortega-Escobar,et al.  Anterior Median Eyes of Lycosa tarentula (Araneae, Lycosidae) Detect Polarized Light: Behavioral Experiments and Electroretinographic Analysis , 1999 .

[308]  S. R. Shaw,et al.  Sense-cell structure and interspecies comparisons of polarized-light absorption in arthropod compound eyes. , 1969, Vision research.

[309]  J. Lythgoe,et al.  Polarized Light and Underwater Vision , 1967, Nature.

[310]  W. Wiltschko,et al.  The magnetic field as reference for the innate migratory direction in blackcaps,Sylvia atricapilla , 1996, Naturwissenschaften.

[311]  W. Shurcliff Polarized light; production and use , 1962 .

[312]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Cone photoreceptor mechanisms and the detection of polarized light in fish , 1987, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[313]  Q. Bone,et al.  Biology of Fishes , 1979 .

[314]  H. Wildermuth Visual and tactile stimuli in choice of oviposition substrates by the dragonfly Perithemis mooma Kirby (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) , 1992 .

[315]  R. Schwind Geometrical optics of theNotonecta eye: Adaptations to optical environment and way of life , 1980, Journal of comparative physiology.

[316]  T. Labhart The electrophysiology of photoreceptors in different eye regions of the desert ant,Cataglyphis bicolor , 2004, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[317]  ThomasR. Consi,et al.  Eye movements in Daphnia magna , 1990, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[318]  G. Horváth,et al.  Why do mayflies lay their eggs en masse on dry asphalt roads? Water-imitating polarized light reflected from asphalt attracts Ephemeroptera. , 1998, The Journal of experimental biology.

[319]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Does reflection polarization by plants influence colour perception in insects? Polarimetric measurements applied to a polarization-sensitive model retina of Papilio butterflies. , 2002, The Journal of experimental biology.

[320]  N. Engheta,et al.  Polarization-difference imaging: a biologically inspired technique for observation through scattering media. , 1995, Optics letters.

[321]  E. P. Meyer,et al.  Microvillar orientation in the photoreceptors of the ant Cataglyphis bicolor , 1999, Cell and Tissue Research.

[322]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Retinal development and visual sensitivity of young Pacific sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) , 1996, The Journal of experimental biology.

[323]  R. Menzel,et al.  The identification of spectral receptor types in the retina and lamina of the dragonflySympetrum rubicundulum , 1983, Journal of comparative physiology.

[324]  R. Wehner Himmelsnavigation bei Insekten : Neurophysiologie und Verhalten , 1982 .

[325]  M. F. Moody,et al.  The discrimination of polarized light by Octopus: a behavioural and morphological study , 1961, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[326]  K. Able,et al.  Interactions in the flexible orientation system of a migratory bird , 1995, Nature.

[327]  N. J. Marshall,et al.  Behavioural evidence for colour vision in stomatopod crustaceans , 2004, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[328]  A. Stanworth,et al.  Retinal pigment and the Haidinger effect , 1954, The Journal of physiology.

[329]  K. Able,et al.  Manipulations of polarized skylight calibrate magnetic orientation in a migratory bird , 1995, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[330]  E. Macagno,et al.  UV photoreceptors in the compound eye of Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Branchiopoda). A fourth spectral class in single ommatidia , 1990, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[331]  S. Stowe A theoretical explanation of intensity-independent variation of polarisation sensitivity in Crustacean retinula cells , 1983, Journal of comparative physiology.

[332]  Walter Kaiser The spectral sensitivity of the honeybee's optomotor walking response , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[333]  G. Horridge The Compound eye and vision of insects , 1975 .

[334]  M. Tovée Ultra-violet photoreceptors in the animal kingdom: their distribution and function. , 1995, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[335]  R. Wehner,et al.  Celestial orientation in bees: the use of spectral cues , 1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[336]  K. Able Skylight Polarization Patterns and the Orientation of Migratory Birds , 1989 .

[337]  Properties of Single Cells in Posterior Lateral Eyes of Jumping Spiders , 1978 .

[338]  István Pomozi,et al.  Differential polarization laser scanning microscopy: biological applications , 2005, Photonics North.

[339]  R. Sandberg Skylight Polarization Does Not Affect the Migratory Orientation of European Robins , 1988 .

[340]  David S. Williams Organisation of the compound eye of a tipulid fly during the day and night , 1980, Zoomorphologie.

[341]  R. Menzel,et al.  Functional organisation of an insect ommatidium with fused rhabdom , 1975 .

[342]  K. Voss,et al.  Polarized radiance distribution measurements of skylight. I. System description and characterization. , 1997, Applied optics.

[343]  Horváth,et al.  Polarization pattern of freshwater habitats recorded by video polarimetry in red, green and blue spectral ranges and its relevance for water detection by aquatic insects , 1997, The Journal of experimental biology.

[344]  I. N. Flamarique Gradual and partial loss of corner cone-occupied area in the retina of rainbow trout , 2001, Vision Research.

[345]  H. Wunderer,et al.  Fine structure of ommatidia at the dorsal eye margin of Calliphora erythrocephala meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae): An eye region specialised for the detection of polarized light , 1982 .

[346]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Stereo Videopolarimetry: Measuring and Visualizing Polarization Patterns in Three Dimensions , 2001, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology.

[347]  K. Arikawa,et al.  Pentachromatic visual system in a butterfly , 1987, Naturwissenschaften.

[348]  R. Schwind,et al.  Polarization vision in water insects and insects living on a moist substrate , 1991, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[349]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Intraspecific variation of spectral sensitivity in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from different photic regimes , 1995, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[350]  Schwind Daphnia pulex swims towards the most strongly polarized light - a response that leads to 'shore flight' , 1999, The Journal of experimental biology.

[351]  R. Schwind Spectral regions in which aquatic insects see reflected polarized light , 1995, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[352]  R. Wehner,et al.  Functional characteristics of photoreceptors in the compound eye and ocellus of the desert ant,Cataglyphis bicolor , 1980, Journal of comparative physiology.

[353]  M. Hadley,et al.  Endocrinology of the amphibian pineal. , 1970, American zoologist.

[354]  Mandyam V. Srinivasan,et al.  The world as the insect sees it , 1984 .

[355]  J. J. Wolken Light detectors, photoreceptors, and imaging systems in nature , 1994 .

[356]  K. Schmidt-Koenig Avian orientation and navigation , 1979 .

[357]  No Evidence of Polarization Sensitivity in Freshwater Sunfish from Multi-unit Optic Nerve Recordings , 1997, Vision Research.

[358]  R. Hardie,et al.  Properties of photoreceptors R7 and R8 in dorsal marginal ommatidia in the compound eyes ofMusca andCalliphora , 1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[359]  C. Hawryshyn Light-adaptation properties of the ultraviolet-sensitive cone mechanism in comparison to the other receptor mechanisms of goldfish , 1991, Visual Neuroscience.

[360]  R. Wehner,et al.  Rhabdomeric twist in bees — Artefact or in vivo structure? , 1981, Journal of comparative physiology.

[361]  K. Horch,et al.  VISUAL ORIENTATION AT THE WATER SURFACE BY THE TELEOST ZENARCHOPTERUS , 1972 .

[362]  Eduardo Solessio,et al.  Antagonistic chromatic mechanisms in photoreceptors of the parietal eye of lizards , 1993, Nature.

[363]  P. A. Murphy Celestial Compass Orientation in Juvenile American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) , 1981 .

[364]  R Wehner,et al.  Polarized-light navigation by insects. , 1976, Scientific American.

[365]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Spatial orientation of trout to partially polarized light , 1990, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[366]  R. Forward,et al.  The role of the underwater polarized light pattern, in sun compass navigation of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes vulgaris , 1991, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[367]  R. Schwind,et al.  The plunge reaction of the backswimmerNotonecta glauca , 1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[368]  R. Wehner,et al.  The polarization-vision project: championing organismic biology , 1994 .

[369]  R. M. Clements,et al.  Physical model for Haidinger's brush. , 1970, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[370]  D. S. Williams,et al.  The local deletion of a microvillar cytoskeleton from photoreceptors of tipulid flies during membrane turnover , 1982, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[371]  Thomas Labhart,et al.  Spectral sensitivity and absolute threshold of polarization vision in crickets: a behavioral study , 2004, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[372]  R. Glantz,et al.  Polarization sensitivity in crayfish lamina monopolar neurons , 1996, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[373]  R. Menzel,et al.  Spectral and polarized light sensitivity of photoreceptors in the compound eye of the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) , 1989, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[374]  B. Hassenstein,et al.  Systemtheoretische Analyse der Zeit-, Reihenfolgen- und Vorzeichenauswertung bei der Bewegungsperzeption des Rüsselkäfers Chlorophanus , 1956 .

[375]  R. Schinz Structural specialization in the dorsal retina of the bee, Apis mellifera , 1975, Cell and Tissue Research.

[376]  J. Phillips,et al.  Orientation in a desert lizard (Uma notata): time-compensated compass movement and polarotaxis , 1985, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[377]  T. Labhart,et al.  Morphological specializations of dorsal rim ommatidia in the compound eye of dragonflies and damselfies (Odonata) , 1993, Cell and Tissue Research.

[378]  Hilbert Schenck,et al.  On the Focusing of Sunlight by Ocean Waves , 1957 .

[379]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Orientation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to multiple patches of linearly polarized light , 2001 .

[380]  A. Laties,et al.  Photoreceptor Orientation in the Primate Eye , 1968, Nature.

[381]  Retrograde labelling of photoreceptors in different regions of the compound eyes of bees and ants , 1984, Journal of neurocytology.

[382]  R. Wehner The ant’s celestial compass system: spectral and polarization channels , 1997 .

[383]  J. Phillips,et al.  Reflected Light Cues Generate the Short-Term Deflector-Loft Effect , 1982 .

[384]  C. Burdon-jones,et al.  Light Reactions of Littoral Gastropods , 1958, Nature.

[385]  M. J. Drake,et al.  The Moon , 1904, Nature.

[386]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Acquisition of polarized-light orientation in salmonids under laboratory conditions , 2003, Animal Behaviour.

[387]  P. Luschi,et al.  Orientation during short-range feeding in the crab Dotilla wichmanni , 1997, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[388]  R. Wiltschko,et al.  The role of skylight polarization in the orientation of a day-migrating bird species , 1995, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[389]  H. Langer,et al.  Die Struktur des Rhabdoms im „Doppelauge“ des Wasserläufers Gerris lacustris , 2004, Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie.

[390]  Rudolf Schwind Sehen unter und über Wasser, Sehen von Wasser , 1985, Naturwissenschaften.

[391]  H. Vries,et al.  Properties of the eye with respect to polarized light , 1953 .

[392]  Zaven Kalayjian,et al.  A Polarization Contrast Retina Using Patterned Iodine-doped PVA Film , 1996, ESSCIRC '96: Proceedings of the 22nd European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[393]  George Johnson,et al.  Portable imaging polarized light analyzer , 1995, Other Conferences.

[394]  Roger T. Hanlon,et al.  Polarization Vision in Cephalopods: Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Features that Illustrate Aspects of Form and Function , 2002 .

[395]  T. Waterman,et al.  E-vector sensitivity patterns in the goldfish optic tectum , 1974, Journal of comparative physiology.

[396]  R. Cone Rotational diffusion of rhodopsin in the visual receptor membrane. , 1972, Nature: New biology.

[397]  L. Chittka Does bee color vision predate the evolution of flower color? , 1996, Naturwissenschaften.

[398]  Barbara A. Ellis-Quinn,et al.  Lizard homing behavior: the role of the parietal eye during displacement and radio-tracking, and time-compensated celestial orientation in the lizard Sceloporus jarrovi , 1991, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[399]  Gábor Horváth,et al.  Dragonflies Find Crude Oil Visually More Attractive than Water: Multiple-Choice Experiments on Dragonfly Polarotaxis , 1998, Naturwissenschaften.

[400]  W. Wiltschko,et al.  Magnetic orientation and celestial cues in migratory orientation , 1990, Experientia.

[401]  G. D. Bernard,et al.  Some aspects of the retinal organization of Sympycnus linetaus Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). , 1972, Journal of ultrastructure research.

[402]  J. S. Collins,et al.  The ultraviolet receptor of bird retinas. , 1984, Science.

[403]  A. Laties,et al.  An analysis of retinal receptor orientation. I. Angular relationship of neighboring photoreceptors. , 1971, Investigative ophthalmology.

[404]  R. Bainbridge,et al.  TURBIDITY AND THE POLARIZED LIGHT ORIENTATION OF THE CRUSTACEAN MYSIDIUM , 1958 .

[405]  R. Schwind Visual system ofNotonecta glauca: A neuron sensitive to movement in the binocular visual field , 1978, Journal of comparative physiology.

[406]  Keith P. Shine,et al.  Polarization and intensity of light in the atmosphere. By Kinsell L. Coulson. A. Deepak Publishing. Pp. xxv+596. Hardback US$90.00 , 1990 .

[407]  J. Nicol,et al.  A survey of reflectivity in silvery teleosts , 1966, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

[408]  E. Tretzel Biologie, ökologie und brutpflege von Coelotes terrestris (wider) (Araneae, Agelenidae) , 1961, Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere.

[409]  R. Wehner,et al.  The spatial orientation of desert ants,Cataglyphis bicolor, before sunrise and after sunset , 1971, Experientia.

[410]  G. Horváth,et al.  How can dragonflies discern bright and dark waters from a distance? The degree of polarisation of reflected light as a possible cue for dragonfly habitat selection , 2002 .

[411]  H. Wunderer,et al.  Fly rhabdomeres twist in vivo , 1981, Journal of comparative physiology.

[412]  U. Täuber,et al.  Beziehungen zwischen der Wirkung polarisierten Lichtes auf das Elektroretinogramm und der Ultrastruktur des Auges von Gerris lacustris L. , 1971, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[413]  Christa Neumeyer,et al.  “Anti-sun orientation” of bees with regard to a field of ultraviolet light , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[414]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Spectral and ultraviolet-polarisation sensitivity in juvenile salmonids: a comparative analysis using electrophysiology. , 2000, The Journal of experimental biology.

[415]  R. Schwind,et al.  Microspectrophotometric characterization and localization of three visual pigments in the compound eye ofNotonecta glauca L. (Heteroptera) , 1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A.

[416]  E. Denton,et al.  The contributions of the orientated photosensitive and other molecules to the absorption of whole retina , 1959, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B - Biological Sciences.

[417]  M J Duggin,et al.  Stokes vector imaging of the polarized sky-dome. , 1997, Applied optics.

[418]  S. Laughlin,et al.  Dichroism and absorption by photoreceptors , 1975, Journal of comparative physiology.

[419]  Maurice Herman,et al.  Analysis of the POLDER polarization measurements performed over cloud covers , 1994, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[420]  T. Goldsmith The Natural History of Invertebrate Visual Pigments , 1972 .

[421]  J. Lettvin,et al.  Processing of polarized light by squid photoreceptors , 1983, Nature.

[422]  W. Danthanarayana,et al.  Response of Some Night-Flying Insects to Polarized Light , 1986 .

[423]  F. Schneider Schwärmbahnen der Maikäfer , 1967 .

[424]  A. Snyder Polarization sensitivity of individual retinula cells , 1973, Journal of comparative physiology.

[425]  R. Wehner,et al.  The bee's map of the e-vector pattern in the sky. , 1982, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[426]  Kenneth P. Able,et al.  Calibration of the magnetic compass of a migratory bird by celestial rotation , 1990, Nature.

[427]  S. Shaw Polarized Light Responses from Crab Retinula Cells , 1966, Nature.

[428]  W. Hamilton Geometry for the selfish herd. , 1971, Journal of theoretical biology.

[429]  M Kuba,et al.  Visually evoked potentials in response to rotating plane-polarized blue light. , 1990, Ophthalmic research.

[430]  W. Wiltschko,et al.  The skylight polarization patterns at dusk affect the orientation behavior of blackcaps,Sylvia atricapilla , 1989, SCIENCE NATURE.

[431]  Albert A. Michelson,et al.  LXI. On metallic colouring in birds and insects , 1911 .

[432]  R. Weinreb,et al.  Spatially resolved birefringence of the retinal nerve fiber layer assessed with a retinal laser ellipsometer. , 1992, Applied optics.

[433]  L. Frantsevich,et al.  Astroorientation inLethrus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[434]  P. Duelli,et al.  A fovea for e-vector orientation in the eye ofCataglyphis bicolor (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) , 1975, Journal of comparative physiology.

[435]  Z. Sekera Polarization of Skylight , 1957 .

[436]  Richard A. Bone,et al.  Macular pigment in henle fiber membranes:A model for Haidinger's brushes , 1984, Vision Research.

[437]  L. Pardi,et al.  Ricerche sull'orientamento di Talitrus Saltator (Montagu) (Crustacea—Amphipoda) , 1953, Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie.

[438]  R. Angus Pleistocene Helophorus (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Borislav and Starunia in the Western Ukraine, with a Reinterpretation of M. Lomnicki's Species, Description of a New Siberian Species, and Comparison with British Weichselian Faunas , 1973 .

[439]  Mandyam V. Srinivasan,et al.  Visual edge detection in the honeybee and its chromatic properties , 1990, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B. Biological Sciences.

[440]  R. Dunbrack,et al.  Thin Layer Interference may Reduce the Visibility of Transparent Phantom Midge Larvae (Chaoborus trivittatus) to Predators , 1990 .

[441]  P. Dill Perception of Polarized Light by Yearling Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) , 1971 .

[442]  J. Delius,et al.  Visual Performance of Pigeons , 1979 .

[443]  R. Schwind A further proof of polarization vision ofNotonecta glauca and a note on threshold intensity for eliciting the plunge reaction , 1985, Experientia.

[444]  A. Snyder,et al.  Light propagation in twisted anisotropic media: application to photoreceptors. , 1978, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[445]  S. Wehner,et al.  Insect navigation: use of maps or Ariadne's thread ? , 1990 .

[446]  G. Horridge,et al.  The electrophysiology of the retina ofPeriplaneta americana L. , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[447]  C. Hawryshyn,et al.  Is the Use of Underwater Polarized Light by Fish Restricted to Crepuscular Time Periods? , 1997, Vision Research.

[448]  Samuel Rossel,et al.  Navigation by bees using polarized skylight , 1993 .

[449]  Iñigo Novales Flamarique,et al.  Visual pigments and dichroism of anchovy cones: A model system for polarization detection. , 2002, Visual Neuroscience.

[450]  Michael F. Land Polarizing the world of fish , 1991, Nature.

[451]  R. Wehner Spatial Vision in Arthropods , 1981 .

[452]  H. Povel,et al.  Imaging Stokes polarimetry with piezoelastic modulators and charge-coupled-device image sensors , 1995 .

[453]  E. Land,et al.  Some Aspects of the Development of Sheet Polarizers , 1951 .

[454]  R. Wehner Polarization vision--a uniform sensory capacity? , 2001, The Journal of experimental biology.

[455]  S. Stowe Spectral sensitivity and retinal pigment movement in the crab Leptograpsus variegatus (fabricius). , 1980, The Journal of experimental biology.

[456]  Almut Kelber,et al.  Why ‘false’ colours are seen by butterflies , 1999, Nature.

[457]  S. Stowe,et al.  Dynamic Microvillar Cytoskeletons in Arthropod and Squid Photoreceptors , 1990 .

[458]  Kenneth P. Able,et al.  Daytime calibration of magnetic orientation in a migratory bird requires a view of skylight polarization , 1993, Nature.

[459]  M. F. Land,et al.  Built-in polarizers form part of a compass organ in spiders , 1999, Nature.

[460]  Heinz Lüdtke Beziehungen des Feinbaues im Rückenschwimmerauge zu seiner Fähigkeit, polarisiertes Licht zu analysieren , 1957, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie.

[461]  G. D. Bernard,et al.  Intracellular optical physiology of the bee's eye , 2004, Journal of comparative physiology.

[462]  N Shashar,et al.  Squids (Loligo pealei and Euprymna scolopes) Can Exhibit Polarized Light Patterns Produced by Their Skin. , 1997, The Biological bulletin.

[463]  C. Groot On the orientation of young sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during their seaward migration out of lakes , 1965 .

[464]  Polarization-Induced Colour Patterns a Model of the Perception of the Polarized Skylight By Insects , 1974 .