Neural Network based identification of Trichoderma species

The genus Trichoderma acts as an important antagonist against phytopathogenic fungi. This paper proposes a software-based identification tool for recognition of different species of Trichoderma. The method uses the morphological features for identification. Morphological-based species recognition is common method for identifying fungi, but regarding the similarity of morphological features among different species, their manual identification is difficult, time-consuming and may bring about faulty results. In this paper it is intended to identify different species of Trichoderma by means of neural network. For this purpose, 14 characteristics are used including 5 macroscopic and 9 microscopic characteristics. After quantifying qualitative features and training a multilayer perceptron neural network with quantified data, 25 species of Trichoderma are recognized by using the network. Totally, identification of Trichoderma species as one useful fungus is achieved by using the trained network.

[1]  L. Madden,et al.  Systemic Resistance Induced by Trichoderma spp.: Interactions Between the Host, the Pathogen, the Biocontrol Agent, and Soil Organic Matter Quality. , 2006, Phytopathology.

[2]  J. Bissett A revision of the genus Trichoderma. IV. Additional notes on section Longibrachiatum , 1991 .

[3]  Y. Batta Postharvest biological control of apple gray mold by Trichoderma harzianum Rifai formulated in an invert emulsion , 2004 .

[4]  Sanjay L. Nalbalwar,et al.  MODULAR NEURAL NETWORK BASED ARRHYTHMIA CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM USING ECG SIGNAL DATA , 2011 .

[5]  Yüksel Özbay,et al.  Integration of type-2 fuzzy clustering and wavelet transform in a neural network based ECG classifier , 2011, Expert Syst. Appl..

[6]  A. Shrivastav,et al.  Trichoderma koningii assisted biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their antibacterial activity , 2013 .

[7]  Gianluca Pollastri,et al.  Accurate prediction of protein enzymatic class by N-to-1 Neural Networks , 2013, BMC Bioinformatics.

[8]  Simon Haykin,et al.  Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation , 1998 .

[9]  Rafael C. González,et al.  Local Determination of a Moving Contrast Edge , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[10]  Yüksel Özbay,et al.  A fuzzy clustering neural network architecture for classification of ECG arrhythmias , 2006, Comput. Biol. Medicine.

[11]  T O Larsen,et al.  Classification of species in the genus Penicillium by Curie point pyrolysis/mass spectrometry followed by multivariate analysis and artificial neural networks. , 1996, Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS.

[12]  Ying Zhu,et al.  Bacteria classification using neural network , 2010, 2010 Sixth International Conference on Natural Computation.

[13]  Yu-Yen Ou,et al.  Identification of efflux proteins using efficient radial basis function networks with position‐specific scoring matrices and biochemical properties , 2013, Proteins.

[14]  O. Petrini,et al.  MALDI-TOF MS of Trichoderma: a model system for the identification of microfungi , 2010, Mycological Progress.

[15]  B. Hajieghrari,et al.  Biological potantial of some Iranian Trichoderma isolates in the control of soil borne plant pathogenic fungi , 2008 .

[16]  Pengcheng Nie,et al.  Using wavelet transform and multi-class least square support vector machine in multi-spectral imaging classification of Chinese famous tea , 2011, Expert Syst. Appl..

[17]  Yüksel Özbay,et al.  A novel approach for classification of ECG arrhythmias: Type-2 fuzzy clustering neural network , 2009, Expert Syst. Appl..

[18]  P. Zapotoczny Discrimination of wheat grain varieties using image analysis and neural networks. Part I. Single kernel texture , 2011 .

[19]  D. Hibbett,et al.  Phylogenetic species recognition and species concepts in fungi. , 2000, Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B.

[20]  H. Barnett,et al.  Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi , 1972 .

[21]  B. Karlik,et al.  A RECOGNITION OF ECG ARRHYTHMIAS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS , 2001 .

[22]  Noel D.G. White,et al.  Evaluation of the effect of moisture content on cereal grains by digital image analysis , 2007 .

[23]  Y. Batta Effect of treatment with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai formulated in invert emulsion on postharvest decay of apple blue mold. , 2004, International journal of food microbiology.

[24]  F. Cheng,et al.  Identification of rice seed varieties using neural network. , 2005, Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.

[25]  A. Rincón,et al.  Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. , 2004, International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology.

[26]  G. Samuels,et al.  Hypocrea/Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae): species with green ascospores. , 2003 .

[27]  J. Lynch,et al.  Effect of Trichoderma on plant growth: A balance between inhibition and growth promotion , 1993, Microbial Ecology.

[28]  Noel D.G. White,et al.  Wheat class identification using monochrome images , 2008 .

[29]  Jingfeng Huang,et al.  Application of neural networks to discriminate fungal infection levels in rice panicles using hyperspectral reflectance and principal components analysis , 2010 .

[30]  A. Pandey,et al.  Trichoderma gamsii (NFCCI 2177): A newly isolated endophytic, psychrotolerant, plant growth promoting, and antagonistic fungal strain , 2014, Journal of basic microbiology.

[31]  B. C. Sutton The Coelomycetes. Fungi imperfecti with pycnidia, acervuli and stromata. , 1980 .

[32]  Lynne Boddy,et al.  Evaluation of artificial neural networks for fungal identification, employing morphometric data from spores of Pestalotiopsis species , 1998 .

[33]  A. Naumann A novel procedure for strain classification of fungal mycelium by cluster and artificial neural network analysis of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. , 2009, The Analyst.

[34]  Ali Chenari Bouket,et al.  FUNGID: A Web-based Identification Program for Phytophthora , 2012 .

[35]  L. Kredics,et al.  FREQUENCY AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRICHODERMA SPP. IN THE RICE (PADDY) FIELDS OF MAZANDARAN PROVINCE, IRAN , 2010 .

[36]  G. Annadurai,et al.  Bioengineered silver nanobowls using Trichoderma viride and its antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria , 2013, Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry.

[37]  John Bissett,et al.  An oligonucleotide barcode for species identification in Trichoderma and Hypocrea. , 2005, Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B.