Monitoring soil moisture and water table height with a low-cost data logger

Comprehensive temporal data sets are often needed in geosciences to understand and model environmental phenomena. Time series data sets in the geosciences have traditionally been captured by costly commercial sensors and data loggers ($100–1000s). Dedrick et al. (2000) presented a less costly ($10 s) and publicly available device known as the Hobart and William Smith Data Logger (HWSDL) (Halfman and McKinney, 2001). Parts list, plans, schematics, manuals, software and other essential items to build your own HWS Data Loggers are available on the Internet to educators and researchers. Two recent projects required adaptations of the HWS Data Logger technology to: (1) record soil moisture by incorporating a dielectric aquameter, and (2) record subsurface water levels by reworking the circuit board layout and instrument housing to fit the logger and a pressure transducer sensor into a 5 cm (2 in) diameter well. The HWSDL includes three independent components, a logger, a sensor and a reader. The original design utilized an 8-bit digital value and had a storage capacity of 4K. An upgraded version increased the data resolution to 12-bit values and memory capacity to 16K (McKinney and Halfman, 2002). This work