History of Biological Effects and Medical Applications of Microwave Energy

Though this Special Issue is devoted to the history of microwaves, an appreciation of the history of the interaction of microwaves with biological systems would not be complete without also covering the role that lower frequencies have played in research directed toward the improvement of human health. Licht and Susskind provide an excellent history of the medical applications and biological effects of electromagnetic energy at submicrowave frequencies.

[1]  J. Overgaard,et al.  Investigations on the possibility of a thermic tumour therapy. I. Short-wave treatment of a transplanted isologous mouse mammary carcinoma. , 1972, European journal of cancer.

[2]  J. Elder,et al.  Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radio-frequency radiation: Effects of modulation frequency and field strength , 1979 .

[3]  Carl H. Durney,et al.  Long Wavelength Analysis of Plane Wave Irradiation of a Prolate Spheroid Model of Man , 1975 .

[4]  Stanislaw Szmigielski,et al.  Inhibition of Tumor Growth in Mice by Microwave Hyperthermia, Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic, and Mouse Interferon , 1978 .

[5]  W. Oldendorf Focal Neurological Lesions Produced by Microwave Irradiation , 1949, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[6]  A. H. Frey Human auditory system response to modulated electromagnetic energy. , 1962, Journal of applied physiology.

[7]  K R Foster,et al.  Microwave dielectric relaxation in muscle. A second look. , 1980, Biophysical journal.

[8]  Duane Td,et al.  Experimental lenticular opacities produced by microwave irradiations. , 1948 .

[9]  Curtis C. Johnson,et al.  Research Needs for Establishing a Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation Safety Standard , 1973 .

[10]  Leonard Hill Action of Ultra-short Waves on Tumours , 1934 .

[11]  Albert Eidinow Action of Ultra-short Waves on Tumours , 1934 .

[12]  J. Lehmann,et al.  Effect of therapeutic temperatures on tendon extensibility. , 1970, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[13]  Carl H. Durney,et al.  Long-Wavelength Electromagnetic Power Absorption in Ellipsoidal Model of Man and Animals , 1977 .

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[15]  Kun-Mu Chen,et al.  Internal EM Field and Absorbed Power Density in Human Torsos Induced by 1-500-MHz EM Waves , 1977 .

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[22]  Justus F. Lehmann Therapeutic heat and cold , 1975 .

[23]  James C. Lin Microwave auditory effects and applications , 1978 .

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[25]  Neil H. Williams Production and Absorption of Electromagnetic Waves from 3 cm to 6 mm in Length , 1937 .

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[31]  Kam Li,et al.  The Mechanism of Absorption of Ultrahigh Frequency Electromagnetic Energy in Tissues, as Related to the Problem of Tolerance Dosage , 1956 .

[32]  C. Durney,et al.  Hyperthermia production for cancer therapy: a review of fundamentals and methods. , 1981, The Journal of microwave power.

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[36]  K. Foster,et al.  Microwave Hearing: Evidence for Thermoacoustic Auditory Stimulation by Pulsed Microwaves , 1974, Science.

[37]  J. Lehmann,et al.  A comparative evaluation of temperature distributions produced by microwaves at 2,456 and 900 megacycles in geometrically complex specimens. , 1962, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

[38]  J. W. Howland,et al.  THE HEMATOLOGIC EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE EXPOSURE. , 1964, Aerospace medicine.

[39]  S. M. Michaelson,et al.  Human exposure to nonionizing radiant energy—Potential hazards and safety standards , 1972 .

[40]  J. Overgaard,et al.  Investigation on the possibility of a thermic tumour therapy. II. Action of combined heat-roentgen treatment on a transplanted mouse mammary carcinoma. , 1972, European journal of cancer.

[41]  W. R. Adey,et al.  EFFECTS OF MODULATED VHF FIELDS ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[42]  N. Hornback,et al.  Preliminary clinical results of combined 433 megahertz microwave therapy and radiation therapy on patients with advanced cancer , 1977, Cancer.

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[44]  W. G. Connor Localized current field heating as an adjunct to radiation therapy , 1978, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[45]  V. Popovic,et al.  Selective Electromagnetic Heating of Tumors in Animals in Deep Hypothermia , 1971 .

[46]  J. Holt,et al.  Combined Microwave Therapy , 1978, The Medical journal of Australia.

[47]  I. Ohad,et al.  EFFECTS OF HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRIC FIELDS ON THE LIVING CELL. I. BEHAVIOUR OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES IN HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRIC FIELDS AND ITS RELATION TO THEIR AGE. , 1964, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

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[49]  H. Leveen,et al.  Tumor eradication by radiofrequency therapy. Responses in 21 patients. , 1976, JAMA.

[50]  Arthur W. Guy,et al.  Evaluation of a Therapeutic Direct-Contact 915-MHz Microwave Applicator for Effective Deep-Tissue Heating in Humans , 1978 .

[51]  J. Overgaard Biological Effect of 27.12-MHz Short-Wave Diathermic Heating in Experimental Tumors , 1978 .

[52]  F. Sterzer,et al.  Microwave-induced hyperthermia in cancer treatment: apparatus and preliminary results. , 1978, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[53]  O. P. Gandhi Frequency and Orientation Effects on Whole Animal Absorption of Electromagnetic Waves , 1975, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[54]  S. Michaelson,et al.  Biological effects of microwave radiation. , 1971, Health physics.

[55]  J. Lehmann,et al.  Present value of ultrasonic diathermy. , 1955, Journal of the American Medical Association.

[56]  H. P. Schwan,et al.  Alternating Current Spectroscopy of Biological Substances , 1959, Proceedings of the IRE.

[57]  Stafford L. Osborne,et al.  MICROWAVE RADIATIONS: Heating of Human and Animal Tissues by Means of High Frequency Current with Wavelength of Twelve Centimeters (The Microtherm) , 1948 .

[58]  Studies on the biological effect of high frequency radio waves (radar). , 1946, The American journal of physiology.

[59]  T. W. Athey,et al.  Dielectric properties of animal tissues in vivo at frequencies 10 MHz--1 GHz. , 1981, Bioelectromagnetics.

[60]  J. D. Thomson,et al.  Testicular Degeneration as a Result of Microwave Irradiation , 1948, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[61]  J. W. Howland,et al.  BIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE EXPOSURE , 1967 .

[62]  James C. Lin,et al.  The Numerical Thermal Simulation of the Human Body When Undergoing Exercise or Nonionizing Electromagnetic Irradiation , 1976 .

[63]  POSSIBLE PHYSICAL SUBSTRATES FOR THE INTERACTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS WITH BIOLOGIC MEMBRANES * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[64]  W. J. Moressi MORTALITY PATTERNS OF MOUSE SARCOMA 180 CELLS RESULTING FROM DIRECT HEATING AND CHRONIC MICROWAVE IRRADIATION. , 1964, Experimental cell research.

[65]  G. L. Rohdenburg,et al.  THE EFFECT OF COMBINED RADIATION AND HEAT ON NEOPLASMS , 1921 .

[66]  Gibbs Fa,et al.  Clinical Evaluation fo a Microwave/Radiofrequency System (BSD Corporation) for Induction of Local and Regional Hyperthermia , 1981 .

[67]  D. Morton,et al.  Clinical radiofrequency hyperthermia by magnetic-loop induction. , 1981, The Journal of microwave power.

[68]  B. Sokoloff,et al.  Combined roentgenotherapy and ultra-short wave , 1937 .

[69]  C. C. Johnson Ansi Committee C-95 Comments On:“Research Needs for Establishing a Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation Safety Standard” , 1974 .

[70]  L. Daily,et al.  The Effects of Microwave Diathermy On the Eye , 1956 .

[71]  R. Galamboš,et al.  Auditory perception of radio‐frequency electromagnetic fields , 1982 .

[72]  A. H. Frey Biological Function As Influenced by Low-Power Modulated RF Energy , 1971 .

[73]  The influence of an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field on the electrical activity of an isolated strip of cerebral cortex , 1964, Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[74]  Richard M. White,et al.  Generation of Elastic Waves by Transient Surface Heating , 1963 .

[75]  James C. Lin,et al.  Microwave Induced Temperature Rises in Rabbit Eyes in Cataract Research , 1975 .

[76]  M. Saito,et al.  THE TIME CONSTANTS OF PEARL-CHAIN FORMATION , 1960 .

[77]  A. W. Guy,et al.  Analyses of Electromagnetic Fields Induced in Biological Tissues by Thermographic Studies on Equivalent Phantom Models , 1971 .

[78]  K. Foster,et al.  Dielectric properties of tumor and normal tissues at radio through microwave frequencies. , 1981, The Journal of microwave power.

[79]  Charles SuSSKIND The "story" of nonionizing radiation research. , 1979, Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine.

[80]  S. M. Michaelson,et al.  The Tri-Service Program -A Tribute to George M. Knauf, USAF (MC) , 1971 .

[81]  H. Fröhlich Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems , 1968 .

[82]  S. Michaelson,et al.  Effect of selective tumor heating on the localization of 131-I fibrinogen in the Walker carcinoma 256. II. Heating with microwaves. , 1970, Acta radiologica: therapy, physics, biology.

[83]  J. Kim,et al.  Combination hyperthermia and radiation therapy for cutaneous malignant melanoma , 1978, Cancer.

[84]  N. Hornback,et al.  Radiation and microwave therapy in the treatment of advanced cancer. , 1979, Radiology.

[85]  I. Silver,et al.  COMBINED THERAPY WITH 220 KV ROENTGEN AND 10 CM MICROWAVE HEATING IN RAT HEPATOMA. , 1964, Acta radiologica: therapy, physics, biology.

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[87]  L. Daily,et al.  The effects of microwave diathermy on the eye of the rabbit. , 1952, American journal of ophthalmology.

[88]  A W Guy,et al.  Evaluation of a microwave contact applicator. , 1970, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[89]  G. C. Southworth New Experimental Methods Applicable to Ultra-Short Waves , 1937 .

[90]  R. Lutomirski,et al.  Induced Fields and Heating Within a Cranial Structure Irradiated by an Electromagnetic Plane Wave , 1971 .

[91]  A. H. Frey,et al.  Human Perception of Illumination with Pulsed Ultrahigh-Frequency Electromagnetic Energy , 1973, Science.

[92]  G M Samaras,et al.  Direct contact applicators for microwave hyperthermia. , 1981, The Journal of microwave power.

[93]  J. W. Howland,et al.  Physiologic aspects of microwave irradiation of mammals. , 1961, The American journal of physiology.

[94]  F G HIRSCH,et al.  Bilateral lenticular opacities occurring in a technician operating a microwave generator. , 1952, A.M.A. archives of industrial hygiene and occupational medicine.