An implementation ofN-body chain regularization

The chain regularization method (Mikkola and Aarseth 1990) for high accuracy computation of particle motions in smallN-body systems has been reformulated. We discuss the transformation formulae, equations of motion and selection of a chain of interparticle vectors such that the critical interactions requiring regularization are included in the chain. The Kustaanheimo-Stiefel (KS) coordinate transformation and a time transformation is used to regularize the dominant terms of the equations of motion. The method has been implemented for an arbitrary number of bodies, with the option of external perturbations. This formulation has been succesfully tested in a generalN-body program for strongly interacting subsystems. An easy to use computer program, written inFortran, is available on request.

[1]  E. Stiefel,et al.  Perturbation theory of Kepler motion based on spinor regularization. , 1965 .

[2]  D. Heggie,et al.  The probability of binary formation by three-body encounters. , 1976 .

[3]  A numerical investigation of the one-dimensional newtonian three-body problem , 1989 .

[4]  S. Aarseth Integration Methods for Small N-Body Systems , 1988 .

[5]  D. Heggie,et al.  Dynamical effects of primordial binaries in star clusters. I : Equal masses , 1992 .

[6]  K. Zare A regularization of the three body problem , 1974 .

[7]  S. Mikkola A practical and regular formulation of the N-body equations , 1985 .

[8]  S. Aarseth,et al.  A chain regularization method for the few-body problem , 1989 .

[9]  J. Stoer,et al.  Numerical treatment of ordinary differential equations by extrapolation methods , 1966 .

[10]  The N-Body Problem in Stellar Dynamics , 1988 .

[11]  D. Heggie A global regularisation of the gravitationalN-body problem , 1974 .

[12]  E. Stiefel Linear And Regular Celestial Mechanics , 1971 .

[13]  Victor Szebehely,et al.  Complete solution of a general problem of three bodies , 1967 .

[14]  M. E. Alexander Simulation of binary-single star and binary-binary scattering , 1986 .

[15]  S. Mikkola Encounters of binaries – I. Equal energies , 1983 .

[16]  David H. Porter,et al.  A tree code with logarithmic reduction of force terms, hierarchical regularization of all variables, and explicit accuracy controls , 1989 .

[17]  William H. Press,et al.  Numerical recipes , 1990 .

[18]  A regularization of multiple encounters in gravitationalN-body problems , 1974 .