: BaYMV resistance genes, rym5 and rym3 , were pyramided using esterase isozyme genes ( Est1-Est2-Est4 ), whose loci had been reported to be tightly linked with rym5 . BaYMV reaction was also evaluated in the fi eld contaminated with BaYMV strain I (to which cultivars with rym5 and rym3 are resistant) or III (to which cultivars with rym5 is susceptible). Malting barley cultivars having rym5 with esterase isozyme pattern Ca-null-Nz (Mokusekko-type) were crossed with the cultivars having rym3 with Pr-Fr-Su (Prior-type). Selection of resistant lines in the fi eld contaminated with BaYMV I with the esterase isozyme genotype of Pr-Fr-Su (Prior-type) gave lines with rym3 . Selection of resistant lines in the fi eld contaminated with BaYMV III with esterase isozyme genotype of Ca-null-Nz (Mokusekko-type) gave lines pyramided with rym5 and rym3 , in which the crossing-over rate was about 4 . 9%. During the selection by agronomic characters, the frequency of rym3 was lowered signifi cantly.
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