RAY ACOUSTICS USING COMPUTER GRAPHICS TECHNOLOGY

The modeling of room acoustics and simulation of sound wave propagation remain a difficult and computationally expensive task. Two main techniques have evolved, with one focusing on a real physical - wave-oriented - sound propagation, while the other approximates sound waves as rays using raytracing techniques. Due to many advances in computer science, and especially computer graphics over the last decade, interactive 3D sound simulations for complex and dynamic environments are within reach. Inthispaperweanalyzesoundpropagationintermsofacoustic energy and explore the possibilities to map these concepts to radiometry and graphics rendering equations. Although we concentrate on ray-based techniques, we also partially consider wavebased sound propagation effects. The implemented system exploits modern graphics hardware and rendering techniques and is able to efficiently simulate 3D room acoustics, as well as to measure simplified personal HRTFs through acoustic raytracing.

[1]  Naga K. Govindaraju,et al.  A Survey of General‐Purpose Computation on Graphics Hardware , 2007 .

[2]  Jens H. Krüger,et al.  A Survey of General‐Purpose Computation on Graphics Hardware , 2007, Eurographics.

[3]  Davide Rocchesso,et al.  Signal-theoretic characterization of waveguide mesh geometries for models of two-dimensional wave propagation in elastic media , 2001, IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process..

[4]  F. Alton Everest,et al.  Master handbook of acoustics , 1981 .

[5]  E. Milios,et al.  Sonel mapping: acoustic modeling utilizing an acoustic version of photon mapping , 2004, Proceedings. Second International Conference on Creating, Connecting and Collaborating through Computing.

[6]  T. Funkhouser,et al.  Modeling Sound Reflection and Diffraction in Architectural Environments with Beam Tracing , 2002 .

[7]  Philippe Bekaert,et al.  Advanced global illumination , 2006 .

[8]  Pat Hanrahan,et al.  Ray tracing on a stream processor , 2004 .

[9]  Yuvi Kahana,et al.  Numerical Modelling of the Transfer Functions of a Dummy-Head and of the External Ear , 1999 .

[10]  Damian T. Murphy,et al.  ROOMWEAVER: A DIGITAL WAVEGUIDE MESH BASED ROOM ACOUSTICS RESEARCH TOOL , 2004 .

[11]  Maic Masuch,et al.  Leaving the screen New perspectives in audio-only gaming , 2005 .

[12]  Pat Hanrahan,et al.  Ray tracing on a connection machine , 1988, ICS '88.

[13]  Hans Hagen,et al.  Phonon tracing for auralization and visualization of sound , 2005, VIS 05. IEEE Visualization, 2005..

[14]  Tapio Lokki,et al.  Digital Waveguide Mesh for Room Acoustic Modeling , 2001 .

[15]  Lauri Savioja,et al.  Modeling Techniques for Virtual Acoustics , 1999 .

[16]  Maic Masuch,et al.  Waveguide-based Room Acoustics through Graphics Hardware , 2006, ICMC.

[17]  Heinrich Kuttruff,et al.  Room acoustics , 1973 .

[18]  Julius O. Smith,et al.  Physical Modeling Using Digital Waveguides , 1992 .

[19]  George Drettakis,et al.  Perceptual audio rendering of complex virtual environments , 2004, ACM Trans. Graph..

[20]  Ramani Duraiswami,et al.  Capture and Recreation of Higher-Order 3D Sound Fields via Reciprocity , 2004, ICAD.

[21]  Wolfgang Mueller,et al.  A scalable system for 3D audio ray tracing , 1999, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems.

[22]  Sean Whalen.  Audio and the Graphics Processing Unit , 2005 .

[23]  R. Duda,et al.  Approximating the head-related transfer function using simple geometric models of the head and torso. , 2002, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[24]  Hans Hagen,et al.  Comparative Visualization for Wave-based and Geometric Acoustics , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[25]  S. Van Duyne,et al.  The 2-D digital waveguide mesh , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics.

[26]  Emmanuel Gallo,et al.  Efficient 3D Audio Processing with the GPU , 2004 .

[27]  Tapio Lokki,et al.  Auralization applying the parametric room acoustic modeling technique - The DIVA auralization system , 2002 .

[28]  Krzysztof Marasek,et al.  Computation of Room Acoustics using Programmable Video Hardware , 2004, ICCVG.

[29]  Maic Masuch,et al.  HRTF SIMULATIONS THROUGH ACOUSTIC RAYTRACING , 2006 .