An Efficient Fuzzy based Congestion Control Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), congestion causes overall channel quality to degrade and loss rates to increase, leads to buffer drops and increased delays, and tends to be grossly unfair toward nodes whose data has to traverse a larger number of radio hops. In order to control the congestion in an effective manner, we need a complete congestion control mechanism which makes fuzzy based decisions. In this paper, we design an efficient fuzzy based congestion control algorithm which takes into consideration the node degree, queue length and the data arrival rate as parameters for congestion detection. The fuzzy table accepts the values of data arrival rate, node degree and the queue length as input and the output is given in the form of fuzzy variables which indicates the level of congestion. The output gives us a strict passive measure of the congestion level and will result in a perfect measurement for congestion estimation. Thus our algorithm proves to be more effective in controlling the congestion in wireless sensor networks. By simulation results, we show that our proposed technique attains better packet delivery ratio with reduced packet drops and delay.