Guidelines for Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment

These Guidelines set forth principles and procedures to guide EPA scientists in evaluating environmental contaminants that may pose neurotoxic risks, and inform Agency decision makers and the public about these procedures.

[1]  D. Barnes,et al.  Reference dose (RfD): description and use in health risk assessments. , 1988, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP.

[2]  H. Tilson.  Behavioral indices of neurotoxicity: what can be measured? , 1987, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[3]  R. Mailman.  Mechanisms of CNS injury in behavioral dysfunction. , 1987, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[4]  R. R. Albee,et al.  Sensory evoked potentials in neurotoxicology. , 1988, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[5]  J. O'Callaghan.  Neurotypic and gliotypic proteins as biochemical markers of neurotoxicity. , 1988, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[6]  D. M. Maxwell,et al.  The effects of blood flow and detoxification on in vivo cholinesterase inhibition by soman in rats. , 1987, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[7]  Balster Rl,et al.  Some effects of the formamidine pesticide chlordimeform on the behavior of mice. , 1984 .

[8]  J. Griffin.  Basic Pathologic Processes in the Nervous System , 1990, Toxicologic pathology.

[9]  D. Mebs,et al.  Toxicity Testing. Strategies to Determine Needs and Priorities: U.S. National Toxicology Program. 382 pp. Washington, DC: National Academy Press (1984) , 1987 .

[10]  J. Jacobson,et al.  Prospective, longitudinal assessment of developmental neurotoxicity. , 1996, Environmental health perspectives.

[11]  P. Bushnell,et al.  Behavioral and neurochemical changes in rats dosed repeatedly with diisopropylfluorophosphate. , 1991, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[12]  John R. Glowa,et al.  Dose-effect approaches to risk assessment , 1991, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[13]  S. Bondy.  The biochemical evaluation of neurotoxic damage. , 1986, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[14]  F. N. Kotsonis,et al.  Toxicity and distribution of cadmium administered to rats at sublethal doses. , 1977, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[15]  S. Olin,et al.  Similarities and differences between children and adults: implications for risk assessment , 1992 .

[16]  C. Eccles.  EEG correlates of neurotoxicity. , 1988, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[17]  J. O’Donoghue.  Neurotoxicity of industrial and commercial chemicals , 1985 .

[18]  G. Winneke.  Endpoints of developmental neurotoxicity in environmentally exposed children. , 1995, Toxicology letters.

[19]  B. Weiss,et al.  Behavioral pharmacology : the current status , 1975 .

[20]  S. P. Porterfield.  Vulnerability of the developing brain to thyroid abnormalities: environmental insults to the thyroid system. , 1994, Environmental health perspectives.

[21]  R. Richardson,et al.  Assessment of the neurotoxic potential of chlorpyrifos relative to other organophosphorus compounds: a critical review of the literature. , 1995, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[22]  B. Jortner,et al.  Comparison of the relative inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and neuropathy target esterase in rats and hens given cholinesterase inhibitors. , 1995, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[23]  Richard D. Thomas.  Drinking Water and Health , 1986 .

[24]  A. Eldefrawi.  13 – Direct Actions of Organophosphorus Anticholinesterases on Muscarinic Receptors , 1992 .

[25]  J. Jacobson,et al.  The effect of intrauterine PCB exposure on visual recognition memory. , 1985, Child development.

[26]  J M Frazier,et al.  Alternatives to animals in toxicity testing. , 1989, Scientific American.

[27]  P J Bushnell,et al.  Studies on the correlation between blood cholinesterase inhibition and 'target tissue' inhibition in pesticide-treated rats. , 1994, Toxicology.

[28]  D C Rice,et al.  Quantification of operant behavior. , 1988, Toxicology letters.

[29]  William Creager,et al.  Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) , 2001 .

[30]  L. Garosi,et al.  The neurological examination , 2013 .

[31]  T. Callender,et al.  Evaluation of chronic neurological sequelae after acute pesticide exposure using SPECT brain scans. , 1994, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[32]  S. Gad.  A neuromuscular screen for use in industrial toxicology. , 1982, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[33]  A. Albert,et al.  Selective Toxicity , 1973, Springer US.

[34]  W. Anger.  Neurobehavioral testing of chemicals: impact on recommended standards. , 1984, Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology.

[35]  K. Crofton,et al.  Motor Activity and Screening for Neurotoxicity , 1989 .

[36]  H. Tilson,et al.  Defining neurotoxicity in a decision-making context. , 1995, Neurotoxicology.

[37]  H. Tilson,et al.  Comparison of screening approaches. , 1992, Neurotoxicology.

[38]  A. Ludolph,et al.  Experimental and clinical neurotoxicology , 1980 .

[39]  Ord,et al.  Guidelines for Exposure Assessment , 2014 .

[40]  Ken Lunn,et al.  Managing the Process , 2003 .

[41]  H. Tilson.  Neurotoxicology in the 1990s. , 1990, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[42]  V A Benignus,et al.  Importance of experimenter-blind procedure in neurotoxicology. , 1993, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[43]  M L Dourson,et al.  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Inhalation Rfd Methodology: Risk Assessment for Air Toxics , 1990, Toxicology and industrial health.

[44]  R. Dyer,et al.  The use of sensory evoked potentials in toxicology. , 1985, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[45]  W Slikker,et al.  Risk assessment for neurotoxic effects. , 1990, Neurotoxicology.

[46]  K Steenland,et al.  Chronic neurological sequelae to organophosphate pesticide poisoning. , 1994, American journal of public health.

[47]  G Johnson,et al.  Magnetic resonance imaging in degenerative ataxic disorders. , 1994, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[48]  A. Scialli,et al.  Principles and methods of toxicology (3rd ed.): Hayes AW, ed. New York, New York: Raven Press; 1994. 1468 pages, $125 , 1995 .

[49]  W. Sette.  Complexity of neurotoxicological assessment. , 1987, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[50]  M Susser,et al.  Rules of inference in epidemiology. , 1986, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP.

[51]  Louis W. Chang,et al.  Neurotoxicology : approaches and methods , 1995 .

[52]  Rebert Cs.  Multisensory evoked potentials in experimental and applied neurotoxicology. , 1983 .

[53]  Edward P. Riley,et al.  Handbook of Behavioral Teratology , 2011 .

[54]  S. Siegel,et al.  Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences , 2022, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Research Design.

[55]  Children.  Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children , 1993 .

[56]  L. Costa.  Interactions of neurotoxicants with neurotransmitter systems. , 1988, Toxicology.

[57]  H. Tilson,et al.  Setting exposure standards: a decision process. , 1996, Environmental health perspectives.

[58]  K. Reuhl.  Delayed expression of neurotoxicity: the problem of silent damage. , 1991, Neurotoxicology.

[59]  Wayland J. Hayes,et al.  Pesticides studied in man , 1982 .

[60]  G. Krinke.  Neuropathologic Screening in Rodent and Other Species , 1989 .

[61]  K S Crump,et al.  A new method for determining allowable daily intakes. , 1984, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[62]  V. Moser.  Comparisons of the acute effects of cholinesterase inhibitors using a neurobehavioral screening battery in rats. , 1995, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[63]  V. Moser.  Screening Approaches to Neurotoxicity: A Functional Observational Battery , 1989 .

[64]  Martin K. Johnson,et al.  Organophosphates and delayed neuropathy--is NTE alive and well? , 1990, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[65]  Janice E. Chambers,et al.  Organophosphates : chemistry, fate, and effects , 1992 .

[66]  Neurotoxicants and neurobiological function : effects of organoheavy metals , 1987 .

[67]  C. Pope,et al.  Long-term neurochemical and behavioral effects induced by acute chlorpyrifos treatment , 1992, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[68]  A. Falek,et al.  Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure at school age. I. Physical and cognitive development. , 1991, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[69]  David Salsburg,et al.  Statistics for toxicologists , 1986 .

[70]  W K Anger,et al.  Worksite behavioral research. Results, sensitive methods, test batteries and the transition from laboratory data to human health. , 1990, Neurotoxicology.

[71]  J. O’Donoghue.  Screening for Neurotoxicity Using a Neurologically Based Examination and Neuropathology , 1989 .

[72]  Ord,et al.  Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment , 2014 .

[73]  M. Stanton,et al.  Workshop on the qualitative and quantitative comparability of human and animal developmental neurotoxicity, Work Group I report: comparability of measures of developmental neurotoxicity in humans and laboratory animals. , 1990, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[74]  B. J. Winer.  Statistical Principles in Experimental Design , 1992 .

[75]  R. M. Joy,et al.  Pesticides and neurological diseases , 1982 .

[76]  Davis Jm,et al.  U‐Shaped dose‐response curves: Their occurrence and implications for risk assessment , 1990 .

[77]  S. Sparber,et al.  d-amphetamine unmasks postnatal consequences of exposure to methylmercury in utero: Methods for studying behavioral teratogenesis , 1978, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.