A Multitask Learning Approach to Document Representation using Unlabeled Data

Text categorization is intrinsically a supervised learning task, which aims at relating a given text document to one or more predefined categories. Unfortunately, labeling such databases of documents is a painful task. We present in this paper a method that takes advantage of huge amounts of unlabeled text documents available in digital format, to counter balance the relatively smaller available amount of labeled text documents. A Siamese MLP is trained in a multi-task framework in order to solve two concurrent tasks: using the unlabeled data, we search for a mapping from the documents' bag-of-word representation to a new feature space emphasizing similarities and dissimilarities among documents; simultaneously, this mapping is constrained to also give good text categorization performance over the labeled dataset. Experimental results on Reuters RCV1 suggest that, as expected, performance over the labeled task increases as the amount of unlabeled data increases.