Molecular mechanism of target lysis by cytotoxic T cells.

[1]  S. Nagata,et al.  Effect of bcl-2 on Fas antigen-mediated cell death. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[2]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Human and murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte serine proteases: subsite mapping with peptide thioester substrates and inhibition of enzyme activity and cytolysis by isocoumarins. , 1991, Biochemistry.

[3]  J. Tschopp,et al.  A null mutation in the perforin gene impairs cytolytic T lymphocyte- and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. , 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[4]  J C Reed,et al.  Bcl-2 blocks degranulation but not fas-based cell-mediated cytotoxicity. , 1995, Journal of immunology.

[5]  J. D. Young,et al.  Morphologic and functional characterization of perforin-deficient lymphokine-activated killer cells. , 1995, Journal of immunology.

[6]  C. Perez,et al.  A novel form of TNF/cachectin is a cell surface cytotoxic transmembrane protein: Ramifications for the complex physiology of TNF , 1988, Cell.

[7]  N. Allbritton,et al.  Calcium ion concentrations and DNA fragmentation in target cell destruction by murine cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes , 1988, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[8]  B. Morgan Complement membrane attack on nucleated cells: resistance, recovery and non-lethal effects. , 1989, The Biochemical journal.

[9]  S. Nagata,et al.  Lethal effect of the anti-Fas antibody in mice , 1993, Nature.

[10]  Amy S. Lee Mammalian stress response: induction of the glucose-regulated protein family. , 1992 .

[11]  Hans Hengartner,et al.  Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin-deficient mice , 1994, Nature.

[12]  C. Helgason,et al.  Peritoneal exudate lymphocyte and mixed lymphocyte culture hybridomas are cytolytic in the absence of cytotoxic cell proteinases and perforin , 1992, European journal of immunology.

[13]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Macrophage precursor cells produce perforin and perform Yac‐1 lytic activity in response to stimulation with interleukin‐2 , 1994, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[14]  J. Russell,et al.  Mechanisms of immune lysis. III. Characterization of the nature and kinetics of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced nuclear lesion in the target. , 1982, Journal of immunology.

[15]  H. Kung,et al.  Direct evidence for an intracellular role for tumor necrosis factor-alpha 1. Microinjection of tumor necrosis factor kills target cells. , 1990, Journal of immunology.

[16]  L. Cheng,et al.  Characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody against human perforin using transfected cell lines. , 1994, Immunology.

[17]  J. Blay,et al.  Evidence for tumor necrosis factor-alpha involvement in the optimal induction of class I allospecific cytotoxic T cells. , 1990, Journal of immunology.

[18]  R. Siliciano,et al.  Studies on the mechanism of lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis. X. Enucleated cells as targets for cytotoxic attack. , 1978, Journal of Immunology.

[19]  S. Singer,et al.  On the mechanism of unidirectional killing in mixtures of two cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Unidirectional polarization of cytoplasmic organelles and the membrane-associated cytoskeleton in the effector cell , 1986, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[20]  G. Dennert,et al.  T cells may express multiple activities: specific allohelp, cytolysis, and delayed-type hypersensitivity are expressed by a cloned T-cell line. , 1981, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[21]  W R Clark,et al.  Role of TNF-alpha in CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated lysis. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[22]  J. Cohen,et al.  Endogenous endonuclease-induced DNA fragmentation: an early event in cell-mediated cytolysis. , 1983, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[23]  Timothy J. Ley,et al.  Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells , 1994, Cell.

[24]  A. Glauert,et al.  The mechanism of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity. VI. T-cell projections and their role in target cell killing. , 1979, Immunology.

[25]  J. D. Young,et al.  Resistance of cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes to cell-mediated cytotoxicity , 1987, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[26]  H. Ostergaard,et al.  Cytotoxic T lymphocyte mediated lysis without release of serine esterase , 1987, Nature.

[27]  A. Kupfer,et al.  Reorientation of the microtubule-organizing center and the Golgi apparatus in cloned cytotoxic lymphocytes triggered by binding to lysable target cells. , 1984, Journal of immunology.

[28]  A. Lee,et al.  Suppression of stress protein GRP78 induction in tumor B/C10ME eliminates resistance to cell mediated cytotoxicity. , 1993, Cancer research.

[29]  M. Nowicki,et al.  Differential effects of protein synthesis inhibition on CTL and targets in cell-mediated cytotoxicity. , 1990, Cellular immunology.

[30]  M. Suthanthiran,et al.  A novel addition to the T cell repertory. Cell surface expression of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin by activated normal human T cells , 1990, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[31]  H. Dienes,et al.  An ovalbumin peptide-specific cytotoxic T cell clone with antigen self-presentation capacity uses two distinct mechanisms to kill target cells. , 1993, Cellular immunology.

[32]  P. Golstein,et al.  The target cell nucleus is not required for cell-mediated granzyme- or Fas-based cytotoxicity , 1995, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[33]  R. Ueda,et al.  Immune function in mice lacking the perforin gene. , 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[34]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Cytolytic T-cell cytotoxicity is mediated through perforin and Fas lytic pathways , 1994, Nature.

[35]  G. Dennert,et al.  Cytotoxic granules from killer cells: specificity of granules and insertion of channels of defined size into target membranes. , 1985, Journal of immunology.

[36]  J. Tschopp,et al.  The calcium-binding protein calreticulin is a major constituent of lytic granules in cytolytic T lymphocytes , 1993, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[37]  G. Berke The cytolytic T lymphocyte and its mode of action. , 1989, Immunology letters.

[38]  E. Podack,et al.  A central role of perforin in cytolysis? , 1991, Annual review of immunology.

[39]  E. Podack,et al.  Cytolysis by Ca-permeable transmembrane channels. Pore formation causes extensive DNA degradation and cell lysis , 1989, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[40]  V. Engelhard,et al.  Reorientation and fusion of cytotoxic T lymphocyte granules after interaction with target cells as determined by high resolution cinemicrography. , 1986, Journal of immunology.

[41]  J. Slot,et al.  Cytotoxic T lymphocyte granules are secretory lysosomes, containing both perforin and granzymes , 1991, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[42]  H. Eisen,et al.  Cognate peptides induce self-destruction of CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes. , 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[43]  E. Podack Molecular mechanisms of cytolysis by complement and by cytolytic lymphocytes , 1986, Journal of cellular biochemistry.

[44]  J. Tite,et al.  DNA fragmentation: manifestation of target cell destruction mediated by cytotoxic T-cell lines, lymphotoxin-secreting helper T-cell clones, and cell-free lymphotoxin-containing supernatant. , 1986, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[45]  E. Podack,et al.  Cytolysis by H-2-specific T killer cells. Assembly of tubular complexes on target membranes , 1983, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[46]  R. Zinkernagel,et al.  CD8+ T cell‐mediated protection against an intracellular bacterium by perforin‐dependent cytotoxicity , 1994, European journal of immunology.

[47]  E. Martz,et al.  CTL: virus control cells first and cytolytic cells second? DNA fragmentation, apoptosis and the prelytic halt hypothesis. , 1989, Immunology today.

[48]  G. Dennert,et al.  High activity of N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine thiobenzyl ester serine esterase and cytolytic perforin in cloned cell lines is not demonstrable in in-vivo-induced cytotoxic effector cells. , 1987, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[49]  P. Erb,et al.  Fas antigen is the major target molecule for CD4+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. , 1994, Journal of immunology.

[50]  O. Carpén,et al.  Polarization of NK cell cytoskeleton upon conjugation with sensitive target cells. , 1983, Journal of immunology.

[51]  Paul Anderson,et al.  A polyadenylate binding protein localized to the granules of cytolytic lymphocytes induces DNA fragmentation in target cells , 1991, Cell.

[52]  A. H. Hale,et al.  Lysis of enucleated tumor cells with allogeneic and syngeneic cytotoxic thymus‐derived lymphocytes , 1979, European journal of immunology.

[53]  Craig W. Reynolds,et al.  Cytolytic activity of purified cytoplasmic granules from cytotoxic rat large granular lymphocyte tumors , 1984, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[54]  N H Sigal,et al.  Human cytotoxic lymphocyte granzyme B. Its purification from granules and the characterization of substrate and inhibitor specificity. , 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[55]  O. Binah,et al.  Lytic reaction of in vivo primed peritoneal exudate CTL. Induction of high-conductance single channels in the target cell membrane. , 1995, Journal of Immunology.

[56]  K. Baetz,et al.  Serial killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes: T cell receptor triggers degranulation, re‐filling of the lytic granules and secretion of lytic proteins via a non‐granule pathway , 1995, European journal of immunology.

[57]  P. Lu,et al.  Structure and function of human perforin , 1988, Nature.

[58]  K. Okumura,et al.  Two distinct pathways of specific killing revealed by perforin mutant cytotoxic T lymphocytes. , 1994, Immunity.

[59]  B. Kwon,et al.  Changes in the level of perforin and its transcript during effector and target cell interactions. , 1993, Immunology letters.

[60]  J. Trapani,et al.  Killing by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells: Multiple granule serine proteases as initiators of DNA fragmentation , 1993, Immunology and cell biology.

[61]  H Hengartner,et al.  Fas and perforin pathways as major mechanisms of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. , 1994, Science.

[62]  J. Wang,et al.  TCR cross-linking induces CTL death via internal action of TNF. , 1994, Journal of immunology.

[63]  R. Schreiber,et al.  Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death , 1990, Nature.

[64]  G. Dennert Evidence for non-identity of T killer and T helper cells sensitised to allogeneic cell antigens , 1974, Nature.

[65]  E. Podack,et al.  Soluble and membrane-bound TNF-alpha are involved in the cytotoxic activity of B cells from tumor-bearing mice against tumor targets. , 1994, Journal of immunology.

[66]  K. Sung,et al.  Dynamic changes in viscoelastic properties in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated killing. , 1988, Journal of cell science.

[67]  E. Podack,et al.  Assembly of two types of tubules with putative cytolytic function by cloned natural killer cells , 1983, Nature.

[68]  A. F. Bykovsky,et al.  Ultrastructural alteration of cytolytic T lymphocytes following their interaction with target cells. II. Morphogenesis of secretory granules and intracellular vacuoles. , 1978, Cellular immunology.

[69]  C. Verret,et al.  Serine esterase in cytolytic T lymphocytes , 1986, Nature.

[70]  P. Golstein,et al.  Fas involvement in Ca(2+)-independent T cell-mediated cytotoxicity , 1993, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[71]  P. Bongrand,et al.  Use of conjugates made between a cytolytic T cell clone and target cells to study the redistribution of membrane molecules in cell contact areas. , 1990, Journal of cell science.

[72]  B. Schick,et al.  The lysis of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their blasts by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. , 1990, Immunology.

[73]  G. Berke,et al.  Highly lytic in vivo primed cytolytic T lymphocytes devoid of lytic granules and BLT-esterase activity acquire these constituents in the presence of T cell growth factors upon blast transformation in vitro. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[74]  R. Aebersold,et al.  A natural killer cell granule protein that induces DNA fragmentation and apoptosis , 1992, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[75]  Y. Shinkai,et al.  Homology of perforin to the ninth component of complement (C9) , 1988, Nature.

[76]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Inhibition of lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity by perforin antisense oligonucleotides. , 1990, The EMBO journal.

[77]  M. Sitkovsky,et al.  Exocytosis of cytolytic granules may not be required for target cell lysis by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes , 1987, Nature.

[78]  D. Schmid,et al.  A comparison of lysis mediated by Lyt 2+ TNP-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) lines with that mediated by rapidly internalized lymphotoxin-containing supernatant fluids: evidence for a role of soluble mediators in CTL-mediated killing. , 1985, Cellular immunology.

[79]  D. Zagury Direct analysis of individual killer T cells: susceptibility of target cells to lysis and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes by CTL. , 1982, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

[80]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Perforin-mediated target cell lysis by cytolytic T lymphocytes. , 1990, Annual review of immunology.

[81]  M. Nowicki,et al.  Effects of stress on lysability of tumor targets by cytotoxic T cells and tumor necrosis factor. , 1990, Journal of immunology.

[82]  B. Beutler,et al.  Constitutive synthesis of tumor necrosis factor in the thymus. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[83]  P. Henkart,et al.  Synergistic roles of granzymes A and B in mediating target cell death by rat basophilic leukemia mast cell tumors also expressing cytolysin/perforin , 1995, Journal of Experimental Medicine.

[84]  Amy S. Lee,et al.  Inhibition of tumor progression by suppression of stress protein GRP78/BiP induction in fibrosarcoma B/C10ME. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[85]  A. Kawasaki,et al.  Antigen-specific directional target cell lysis by perforin-negative T lymphocyte clones. , 1991, International immunology.

[86]  J. D. Young,et al.  Functional channel formation associated with cytotoxic T-cell granules. , 1986, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[87]  B. Geiger,et al.  Spatial relationships of microtubule-organizing centers and the contact area of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells , 1982, The Journal of cell biology.