Electric fields, contact guidance and the direction of nerve growth.

Nerve orientation in response to electrical guidance cues in one direction and contact guidance cues in an orthogonal direction has been studied. Where neurites had a free choice between following contact guidance cues or electrical cues, the direction of nerve growth was determined predominantly by the vector of the applied electric field.

[1]  K. R. Robinson,et al.  Self‐generated electrical currents through Xenopus neurulae. , 1984, The Journal of physiology.

[2]  C. McCaig.  Myoblasts and myoblast‐conditioned medium attract the earliest spinal neurites from frog embryos. , 1986, The Journal of physiology.

[3]  L. Jaffe,et al.  Strong electrical currents leave the primitive streak of chick embryos. , 1979, Science.

[4]  J. Heath,et al.  A new hypothesis of contact guidance in tissue cells. , 1976, Experimental cell research.

[5]  C. McCaig,et al.  The direction of growth of differentiating neurones and myoblasts from frog embryos in an applied electric field. , 1981, The Journal of physiology.

[6]  L. Jaffe,et al.  Neurites grow faster towards the cathode than the anode in a steady field. , 1979, The Journal of experimental zoology.

[7]  P. Ohara,et al.  Contact guidance in vitro. A light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopic study. , 1979, Experimental cell research.

[8]  A. Davies,et al.  Earliest sensory nerve fibres are guided to peripheral targets by attractants other than nerve growth factor , 1983, Nature.

[9]  C. Bate.  Pioneer neurones in an insect embryo , 1976, Nature.

[10]  C. McCaig.  Dynamic aspects of amphibian neurite growth and the effects of an applied electric field. , 1986, The Journal of physiology.

[11]  R. Nuccitelli,et al.  Embryonic fibroblast motility and orientation can be influenced by physiological electric fields , 1984, The Journal of cell biology.

[12]  R. G. Harrison.  The cultivation of tissues in extraneous media as a method of morpho‐genetic study , 1912 .

[13]  Paul C. Letourneau.  Nerve Fiber Growth and Its Regulation by Extrinsic Factors , 1982 .

[14]  M. Poo,et al.  Perturbation of the direction of neurite growth by pulsed and focal electric fields , 1984, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[15]  P C Letourneau,et al.  Cell-to-substratum adhesion and guidance of axonal elongation. , 1975, Developmental biology.

[16]  H. W. Beams,et al.  In vitro control of growing chick nerve fibers by applied electric currents. , 1946, Journal of cellular and comparative physiology.

[17]  M. Poo,et al.  Orientation of neurite growth by extracellular electric fields , 1982, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[18]  D. Bray,et al.  Mechanical tension produced by nerve cells in tissue culture. , 1979, Journal of cell science.