Parameter/fault estimation in nonlinear systems and adaptive observers

Modeling and monitoring processes are clearly part of an overall control problem, as well as they can be considered by themselves, and each of them can be seen from an observer viewpoint: for the first one indeed, whenever the model structure is given, the problem amounts to that of estimating the model parameters. Even if this problem has been widely studied in the framework of identification [15, 13, ...], it can be recast in an observer formulation, by simply considering unknown parameters as constant state variables. For the second one, it has clearly also been very widely studied, in the community of fault detection and diagnosis [20, 7, ...]. But one can also use an observer to detect possible faults, for instance by comparing an observer output to the corresponding measured one. When taking into account possible faults through parameter changes in a model, fault detection (and isolation) can even be solved via parameter estimation.

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