Energy Efficiency Analysis of JT-CoMP Scheme in Macro/Femto Cellular Networks

5G Wireless Networks are expected to increase substantially data rates and quality of service the users will experience, with a similar or a lower power consumption as todays 4G networks. The Joint Transmission Coordinated MultiPoint (JTCoMP) is a promising scheme to enhance throughput by reducing the interference, especially for cell- edge users. However, some additional energy for hardware circuit and resource information is consumed by this technology. Meanwhile, the performance evaluation of energy efficiency (EE) in dense networks with JTCoMP approach becomes a hard task in terms of time expense to conduct simulations. To evaluate the EE metric in cellular networks with JT-CoMP scheme and to capture the major factors involved in the energy consumption process, representative and accurate models are needed. In this paper, we develop a tractable and efficient model of EE based on spatial fluid modeling when JT-CoMP is applied. Simulations results show that EE is improved with the raise of the number of coordinated BSs in case of a constant backhauling power cost. Similar EE improvement is also observed in case of variable backhauling power cost, while adding a new coordinated BS. Furthermore, the EE is significantly enhanced in femto cellular networks compared to macro cellular ones, making thereby, JT-CoMP scheme more effective in small cells.