Abstract : Sophorolipids (SLs) naturally produced from Candida bombicola are a mixture of lactonic (SL- lactone) and acidic (SL-acid) sophorosides of 17-L-hydroxydecanoic acid with an SL-lactone:SL-acid ratio of 72:28. SLs are biodegradable low-foaming surfactants with high detergency and hardness-t