Ultrasound properties of lung tissue and their measurements.

In-vitro measurements have been carried out for the group velocity and the attenuation, in dB/cm, in cow lung tissue. The velocity and the attenuation were measured both as a function of air content, from 32 to 68%, and as a function of frequency, from 10 to 800 KHz. The group velocity was determined from measurement of the phase difference between the transmitted and incident acoustic signal while the attenuation was measured from the insertion loss with correction for the water-lung interface transmission losses. The measured group velocities indicate only a small degree of dispersion, but a strong dependence on air content. The attenuation is very high and exhibits strong frequency dependence, but weak air content dependence.

[1]  Ernest Otto Doebelin,et al.  Measurement Systems Application and Design , 1966 .

[2]  R. Wildt.  Acoustic properties of wakes , 1968 .

[3]  E. Papadakis,et al.  Continuous wave transmission techniques for measuring ultrasonic phase and group velocities in dispersive materials and composites , 1981 .

[4]  Knight Dh,et al.  Reflected ultrasound in the detection of pulmonary embolism. , 1966 .

[5]  H. Saunders,et al.  Fundamentals of Acoustics (3rd Ed.) , 1983 .

[6]  W. Sachse,et al.  Measurement of ultrasonic dispersion by phase comparison of continuous harmonic waves , 1977 .

[7]  E. Weibel.  Morphometry of the Human Lung , 1965, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[8]  Miller Ld,et al.  Clinical use of ultrasound in the early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. , 1967 .

[9]  Floyd Dunn,et al.  Ultrasonic absorption and reflection by lung tissue. , 1961 .

[10]  Lawrence E. Kinsler,et al.  Fundamentals of acoustics , 1950 .

[11]  James F. Greenleaf,et al.  Tissue characterization with ultrasound , 1986 .

[12]  A. Hendin.  Ultrasonic pulmonary Densitometry: preliminary studies. , 1975, Investigative radiology.

[13]  T. Rhyne,et al.  Acoustic Instrumentation and Characterization of Lung Tissue , 1978 .

[14]  F Dunn,et al.  Attenuation and speed of ultrasound in lung. , 1974, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[15]  Attenuation and reflection of ultrasound in canine lung tissue. , 1974, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[16]  E. Papadakis,et al.  Ultrasonic Measurement of Phase and Group Velocity Using Continuous Wave Transmission Techniques , 1973 .