Visual Sentiment Analysis from Disaster Images in Social Media

The increasing popularity of social networks and users' tendency towards sharing their feelings, expressions, and opinions in text, visual, and audio content, have opened new opportunities and challenges in sentiment analysis. While sentiment analysis of text streams has been widely explored in literature, sentiment analysis from images and videos is relatively new. This article focuses on visual sentiment analysis in a societal important domain, namely disaster analysis in social media. To this aim, we propose a deep visual sentiment analyzer for disaster related images, covering different aspects of visual sentiment analysis starting from data collection, annotation, model selection, implementation, and evaluations. For data annotation, and analyzing peoples' sentiments towards natural disasters and associated images in social media, a crowd-sourcing study has been conducted with a large number of participants worldwide. The crowd-sourcing study resulted in a large-scale benchmark dataset with four different sets of annotations, each aiming a separate task. The presented analysis and the associated dataset will provide a baseline/benchmark for future research in the domain. We believe the proposed system can contribute toward more livable communities by helping different stakeholders, such as news broadcasters, humanitarian organizations, as well as the general public.

[1]  Bolei Zhou,et al.  Learning Deep Features for Scene Recognition using Places Database , 2014, NIPS.

[2]  Geoffrey E. Hinton,et al.  ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks , 2012, Commun. ACM.

[3]  Li Fei-Fei,et al.  ImageNet: A large-scale hierarchical image database , 2009, CVPR.

[4]  Vasudeva Varma,et al.  Deep Learning for Hate Speech Detection in Tweets , 2017, WWW.

[5]  Michael Riegler,et al.  Social media and satellites , 2019, Multimedia Tools and Applications.

[6]  Khalil Khan,et al.  Face Segmentation: A Journey From Classical to Deep Learning Paradigm, Approaches, Trends, and Directions , 2020, IEEE Access.

[7]  Erkki Sutinen,et al.  Are They Different? Affect, Feeling, Emotion, Sentiment, and Opinion Detection in Text , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing.

[8]  Zhoujun Li,et al.  Attention-Based Modality-Gated Networks for Image-Text Sentiment Analysis , 2020, ACM Trans. Multim. Comput. Commun. Appl..

[9]  Serkan Ayvaz,et al.  Sentiment analysis on Twitter: A text mining approach to the Syrian refugee crisis , 2018, Telematics Informatics.

[10]  Ziad Al-Halah,et al.  Smile, Be Happy :) Emoji Embedding for Visual Sentiment Analysis , 2019, 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW).

[11]  Mohammad Soleymani,et al.  A survey of multimodal sentiment analysis , 2017, Image Vis. Comput..

[12]  Forrest N. Iandola,et al.  DenseNet: Implementing Efficient ConvNet Descriptor Pyramids , 2014, ArXiv.

[13]  In-Kwon Lee,et al.  Building Emotional Machines: Recognizing Image Emotions Through Deep Neural Networks , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[14]  Marco Guerini,et al.  DepecheMood++: A Bilingual Emotion Lexicon Built Through Simple Yet Powerful Techniques , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing.

[15]  Antonio Torralba,et al.  Using AI and Social Media Multimodal Content for Disaster Response and Management: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions , 2020, Inf. Process. Manag..

[16]  Mark Strembeck,et al.  An Analysis of the Twitter Discussion on the 2016 Austrian Presidential Elections , 2017, Online Soc. Networks Media.

[17]  Andrew Zisserman,et al.  Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition , 2014, ICLR.

[18]  Nicola Conci,et al.  Sentiment Analysis from Images of Natural Disasters , 2019, ICIAP.

[19]  Aleix M. Martinez,et al.  Emotional Expressions Reconsidered: Challenges to Inferring Emotion From Human Facial Movements , 2019, Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society.

[20]  Alan S. Cowen,et al.  Self-report captures 27 distinct categories of emotion bridged by continuous gradients , 2017, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[21]  Jian Sun,et al.  Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition , 2015, 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR).

[22]  Leanne Chang,et al.  Follow me and like my beautiful selfies: Singapore teenage girls' engagement in self-presentation and peer comparison on social media , 2016, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[23]  Tao Chen,et al.  DeepSentiBank: Visual Sentiment Concept Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks , 2014, ArXiv.

[24]  Giovanni Maria Farinella,et al.  A Survey on Visual Sentiment Analysis , 2020, IET Image Process..

[25]  Sergey Ioffe,et al.  Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision , 2015, 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR).

[26]  Fernando Nogueira,et al.  Imbalanced-learn: A Python Toolbox to Tackle the Curse of Imbalanced Datasets in Machine Learning , 2016, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[27]  Nicola Conci,et al.  How Deep Features Have Improved Event Recognition in Multimedia , 2019, ACM Trans. Multim. Comput. Commun. Appl..

[28]  Nicola Conci,et al.  Natural disasters detection in social media and satellite imagery: a survey , 2019, Multimedia Tools and Applications.

[29]  Erik Cambria,et al.  Multimodal Sentiment Analysis: Addressing Key Issues and Setting Up the Baselines , 2018, IEEE Intelligent Systems.

[30]  Rongrong Ji,et al.  Large-scale visual sentiment ontology and detectors using adjective noun pairs , 2013, ACM Multimedia.

[31]  Allan Hanbury,et al.  Affective image classification using features inspired by psychology and art theory , 2010, ACM Multimedia.

[32]  Mohammad Teshnehlab,et al.  A Robust Sentiment Analysis Method Based on Sequential Combination of Convolutional and Recursive Neural Networks , 2019, Neural Processing Letters.

[33]  Shuai Wang,et al.  Deep learning for sentiment analysis: A survey , 2018, WIREs Data Mining Knowl. Discov..

[34]  Quoc V. Le,et al.  EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks , 2019, ICML.