공유경제시대의 교통체계 기본구상

Sharing economy has been a prominent issue since the 2008 economic crisis, potentially initiating the era of sharing economy. This paradigm shift stems not only from economic motives but also from the advancement of IT as well as the advent of social network services, which provide the cultural and technological basis for the sharing behaviors of the present generation. In this research, we focus on sharing economy transportation services such as ride sharing, shared parking, and car sharing. The authors present the results from an analysis of sharing economy transportation services, as a means of perceiving expanded potentials of such services. As for ride sharing, the authors analyzed possible ride sharing matches among travelers and the characteristics of such matches using travel itinerary data from the Seoul metropolitan area. According to the results, a significant amount of trips could be considered as potential candidates for sharing rides, which implies that the related market size could be significant. Furthermore, ride sharing services could possibly improve transportation services where the level of service is relatively poor. The authors also analyzed the time-dependent parking demands at each traffic zone with the same travel itinerary data. With the assumption of fully shared parking spaces, the least quantity of parking lots needed to accommodate parking demands at peak time is roughly 120% of the registered vehicles. According to government statistics, this implies that the number of parking spaces our society has is below the minimum requirement. In other words, having a broad range of shared parking systems is necessary for our society to use the scarce resources more efficiently. Lastly, the authors analyzed the possibilities of replacing individual driving trips with car sharing services, which has been rapidly increasing during the last several years. As it gets closer to the center of a city, the value of space gets higher as cars consume significant amounts of urban spaces. With the one-way services, car sharing can be the ultimate alternative to the privately owned vehicle culture, giving people freedom to move anywhere without owning a car. To have a feasible one-way car sharing system, a vehicle fleet needs to be relocated according to the users" requests. It was estimated that no more than 60% of vehicles are needed to accommodate all the travel demands of vehicle users with a simple vehicle relocation strategy applied. To encourage or allow people to use sharing economy transportation services, several regulations need to be revised and/or new regulations should be enacted. The authors proposed certain modifications of the current regulations as well as the phased strategies to help the government develop related policies.