Product development and computer aided design

This chapter focuses on utility of computer aided design (CAD) in product development. CAD fits in with many of the separate procedures necessary for design and production. CAD programs are available where a three-dimensional model can be produced automatically given two-dimensional views. From the dimensions of the component, the computer calculates surface areas, volumes, weights for different materials, centers of gravity, moments of inertia, and radii of gyration. It can also use the applicable values for stress and other calculations, which are a necessary part of design. Models can be manipulated into pleasing forms for artistic approval or for the basis for Rapid Prototyping or Rapid Machining before the commencement of production work. Sales departments can utilize 3D illustrations in brochures and literature for promotional applications. CAD systems permit the rapid generation of models of proposed designs as wire frames, where the component can be defined as a collection of small loaded elements. CAD is also suitable for repetitive and fast documentation where a product is one in a range of sizes.