Optimization of battery charging and purchasing at electric vehicle battery swap stations

A promising model for providing charging services to owners of electric vehicles is a network of battery swap stations. A swap station operator will need to decide how many batteries to purchase initially, and when, based on dynamic electricity rates, to charge the batteries. We propose a dynamic programming model to assist in making optimal charging decisions, and a master problem embedding the dynamic program for making the purchasing decision.

[1]  Warren B. Powell,et al.  Approximate Dynamic Programming - Solving the Curses of Dimensionality , 2007 .

[2]  Hau L. Lee.  A multi-echelon inventory model for repairable items with emergency lateral transshipments , 1987 .

[3]  Warren B. Powell,et al.  Approximate dynamic programming for high dimensional resource allocation problems , 2005 .

[4]  Benjamin Van Roy,et al.  A neuro-dynamic programming approach to retailer inventory management , 1997, Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[5]  Dimitri P. Bertsekas,et al.  Dynamic Programming and Optimal Control, Two Volume Set , 1995 .

[6]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Electricity Prices and Power Derivatives: Evidence from the Nordic Power Exchange , 2000 .

[7]  D. Gross.  On the Ample Service Assumption of Palm's Theorem in Inventory Modeling , 1982 .

[8]  A. Eydeland.  Energy and Power Risk Management , 2002 .

[9]  Richard S. Sutton,et al.  Reinforcement Learning , 1992, Handbook of Machine Learning.

[10]  Zuo-Jun Max Shen,et al.  Infrastructure Planning for Electric Vehicles with Battery Swapping , 2012 .

[11]  George Tagaras,et al.  Pooling in multi-location periodic inventory distribution systems , 1999 .

[12]  Huseyin Topaloglu,et al.  Approximate dynamic programming methods for an inventory allocation problem under uncertainty , 2006 .

[13]  Kazuo Murota,et al.  Discrete convex analysis , 1998, Math. Program..

[14]  Stephen C. Graves,et al.  A Multi-Echelon Inventory Model for a Repairable Item with One-for-One Replenishment , 1985 .

[15]  Andrew G. Barto,et al.  Reinforcement learning , 1998 .

[16]  Carl M. Harris,et al.  On One-For-One-Ordering Inventory Policies with State-Dependent Leadtimes , 1971, Oper. Res..

[17]  Michael C. Fu,et al.  Models for multi-echelon repairable item inventory systems with limited repair capacity , 1997 .

[18]  Paul Glasserman,et al.  Bounds and Asymptotics for Planning Critical Safety Stocks , 1997, Oper. Res..

[19]  Satoru Iwata,et al.  A combinatorial strongly polynomial algorithm for minimizing submodular functions , 2001, JACM.

[20]  James B. Orlin,et al.  A faster strongly polynomial time algorithm for submodular function minimization , 2007, Math. Program..

[21]  Wolf Fichtner,et al.  Feasbility of Battery Switch Stations for Local Emission Free Public Transport , 2012 .

[22]  Ruud H. Teunter,et al.  Inventory models with lateral transshipments: A review , 2011, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[23]  Robin O. Roundy,et al.  Heuristic Computation of Periodic-Review Base Stock Inventory Policies , 2000 .

[24]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Convex Optimization , 2004, Algorithms and Theory of Computation Handbook.

[25]  Richard M. Soland,et al.  A Closed Queueing Network Model for Multi-Echelon Repairable Item Provisioning. , 1983 .

[26]  Paul H. Zipkin,et al.  Foundations of Inventory Management , 2000 .

[27]  L. Thomas,et al.  An optimal policy for a two depot inventory problem with stock transfer , 1997 .

[28]  John A. Muckstadt,et al.  Analysis and Algorithms for Service Parts Supply Chains , 2008 .

[29]  Warren B. Powell,et al.  “Approximate dynamic programming: Solving the curses of dimensionality” by Warren B. Powell , 2007, Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics.

[30]  Liang-Rui Chen,et al.  A Design of an Optimal Battery Pulse Charge System by Frequency-Varied Technique , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[31]  Warren B. Powell,et al.  Approximate Dynamic Programming: Solving the Curses of Dimensionality (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics) , 2007 .

[32]  Paul Glasserman,et al.  The Stability of a Capacitated, Multi-Echelon Production-Inventory System Under a Base-Stock Policy , 1994, Oper. Res..

[33]  Edward A. Silver,et al.  Analysis of a two-echelon inventory control system with complete redistribution , 1987 .

[34]  Jay H. Lee,et al.  Approximate dynamic programming: Application to process supply chain management , 2006 .

[35]  Stefan Minner,et al.  An improved heuristic for deciding on emergency transshipments , 2003, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[36]  Warren B. Powell,et al.  Optimal Energy Commitments with Storage and Intermittent Supply , 2011, Oper. Res..