Nitrification and denitrification processes related to waste water treatment.

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the biological treatment of waste water, which is the largest application of continuous culturing of microorganisms. It discusses the biochemistry of nitrification and denitrification. Nitrification followed by subsequent denitrification is the easiest and most economical method currently available for removal of nitrogen from waste waters. The rate-limiting step in the overall process is usually the nitrification step, although this can be accelerated by the use of separate systems for carbon oxidation and nitrification. Denitrification is rapid as it is a respiratory process, yet the rate is frequently limited by the amount of available carbonaceous substrate needed for reduction of nitrate. Low temperatures cause the greatest problem in waste treatment of nitrogen and affect the reduction of nitrate to nitrite most drastically. Nitritification and denitritification represent an improvement over the general nitrification-denitrification procedure in terms of simplicity and time. The chapter describes environmental factors affecting nitrification and denitrification. It presents comparative waste treatment methods for both the methods.

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