Self-balanced real-time photonic scheme for ultrafast random number generation

We propose a real-time self-balanced photonic method for extracting ultrafast random numbers from broadband randomness sources. In place of electronic analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), the balanced photo-detection technology is used to directly quantize optically sampled chaotic pulses into a continuous random number stream. Benefitting from ultrafast photo-detection, our method can efficiently eliminate the generation rate bottleneck from electronic ADCs which are required in nearly all the available fast physical random number generators. A proof-of-principle experiment demonstrates that using our approach 10 Gb/s real-time and statistically unbiased random numbers are successfully extracted from a bandwidth-enhanced chaotic source. The generation rate achieved experimentally here is being limited by the bandwidth of the chaotic source. The method described has the potential to attain a real-time rate of 100 Gb/s.

[1]  U. Keller.  Recent developments in compact ultrafast lasers , 2003, Nature.

[2]  Atsushi Uchida,et al.  Differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution experiment using fast physical random bit generator with chaotic semiconductor lasers. , 2009, Optics express.

[3]  E. Rafailov,et al.  Mode-locked quantum-dot lasers , 2007 .

[4]  L. Tian,et al.  Practical quantum random number generator based on measuring the shot noise of vacuum states , 2010 .

[5]  Claude E. Shannon,et al.  Communication theory of secrecy systems , 1949, Bell Syst. Tech. J..

[6]  M. Curty,et al.  Secure quantum key distribution , 2014, Nature Photonics.

[7]  Pu Li,et al.  All-optical fast random number generator. , 2010, Optics express.

[8]  David P Rosin,et al.  Ultrafast physical generation of random numbers using hybrid Boolean networks. , 2012, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[9]  Wei Pan,et al.  Time-delay concealment and complexity enhancement of an external-cavity laser through optical injection. , 2015, Optics letters.

[10]  Pu Li,et al.  4.5 Gbps high-speed real-time physical random bit generator. , 2013, Optics express.

[11]  Atsushi Uchida,et al.  Tb/s physical random bit generation with bandwidth-enhanced chaos in three-cascaded semiconductor lasers. , 2015, Optics express.

[12]  Jiagui Wu,et al.  Tbits/s physical random bit generation based on mutually coupled semiconductor laser chaotic entropy source. , 2015, Optics express.

[13]  Peter Davis,et al.  Chaotic laser based physical random bit streaming system with a computer application interface , 2017, Optics express.

[14]  H Thienpont,et al.  Physical random bit generation from chaotic solitary laser diode. , 2014, Optics express.

[15]  Yuta Terashima,et al.  Recommendations and illustrations for the evaluation of photonic random number generators , 2016, 1612.04415.

[16]  Rajarshi Roy,et al.  Scalable parallel physical random number generator based on a superluminescent LED. , 2011, Optics letters.

[17]  Xiao-Zhou Li,et al.  Heterodyne Random Bit Generation Using an Optically Injected Semiconductor Laser in Chaos , 2013, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[18]  Caitlin R. S. Williams,et al.  Fast physical random number generator using amplified spontaneous emission. , 2010, Optics express.

[19]  Daniel J. Gauthier,et al.  Publisher's Note: Ultrafast physical generation of random numbers using hybrid Boolean networks [Phys. Rev. E 87, 040902(R) (2013)] , 2013 .

[20]  Pu Li,et al.  Ultrafast Fully Photonic Random Bit Generator , 2018, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[21]  Y. C. Wang,et al.  Low-Complexity TOAD-Based All-Optical Sampling Gate With Ultralow Switching Energy and High Linearity , 2015, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[22]  D. Bimberg,et al.  Mode-Locked Quantum-Dot Lasers , 2011, IEEE Winter Topicals 2011.

[23]  I Kanter,et al.  Ultrahigh-speed random number generation based on a chaotic semiconductor laser. , 2009, Physical review letters.

[24]  Wei Pan,et al.  Two approaches for ultrafast random bit generation based on the chaotic dynamics of a semiconductor laser. , 2014, Optics express.

[25]  Wei Wang,et al.  640-Gbit/s fast physical random number generation using a broadband chaotic semiconductor laser , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[26]  R. Dong,et al.  A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states , 2010 .

[27]  A. Uchida,et al.  Fast physical random bit generation with chaotic semiconductor lasers , 2008 .

[28]  Yuta Terashima,et al.  Real-time fast physical random number generator with a photonic integrated circuit. , 2017, Optics express.

[29]  Yuncai Wang,et al.  Fully photonics-based physical random bit generator. , 2016, Optics letters.

[30]  B Kelleher,et al.  Optical ultrafast random number generation at 1 Tb/s using a turbulent semiconductor ring cavity laser. , 2016, Optics letters.

[31]  S. Deligiannidis,et al.  Implementation of 140 Gb/s true random bit generator based on a chaotic photonic integrated circuit. , 2010, Optics express.

[32]  I. Kanter,et al.  An optical ultrafast random bit generator , 2010 .

[33]  D. Petrantonakis,et al.  40-Gb/s All-Optical Processing Systems Using Hybrid Photonic Integration Technology , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[34]  Ingo Fischer,et al.  Fast Random Bit Generation Using a Chaotic Laser: Approaching the Information Theoretic Limit , 2013, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[35]  B. Jalali,et al.  Time stretch and its applications , 2017, Nature Photonics.

[36]  Romain Modeste Nguimdo,et al.  Fast random bits generation based on a single chaotic semiconductor ring laser. , 2012, Optics express.