The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test: safety and reliability with older intensive care unit patients at discharge

Objective Assess the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test safety and clinimetric properties in older patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit. Methods Test safety was assessed according to the incidence of adverse events and through hemodynamic and respiratory data. Additionally, reliability properties were investigated using the intraclass correlation coefficients, standard error of measurement, standard error percentage change, Altman-Bland plot and a survival agreement plot. Results The overall suitability of the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test was found to be low, with 29.8% meeting the inclusion criteria. Only 44% of the hospitalized patients who met the inclusion criteria performed the test, with no need for discontinuation in any patient. Heart rate (79.7 ± 10.2bpm/86.6 ± 9.7bpm; p = 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (118 ± 21.4mmHg/129 ± 21.5mmHg; p = 0.031) were the only variables that presented a significant statistical increase, with no evidence of exacerbated response to the test. Additionally, no adverse events were reported from participating and both test-retest and interrater reliability were high (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥ 0.99). Conclusion The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test was proven to be safe and to have excellent reliability. Its clinical use, however, may be restricted to high-functioning older adults in hospital settings.

[1]  Ying-Chih Wang,et al.  Sit-to-stand test: Performance and determinants across the age-span. , 2010, Isokinetics and exercise science.

[2]  Richard W. Bohannon,et al.  Reference Values for the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test: A Descriptive Meta-Analysis of Data from Elders , 2006, Perceptual and motor skills.

[3]  H. Wallmann,et al.  Interrater Reliability of the Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test , 2013 .

[4]  S. Ng,et al.  The repetitive Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand test: its reliability in older adults , 2013 .

[5]  Allon Goldberg,et al.  The five-times-sit-to-stand test: validity, reliability and detectable change in older females , 2012, Aging Clinical and Experimental Research.

[6]  Athanase Benetos,et al.  FIVE TIMES SIT TO STAND TEST IS A PREDICTOR OF RECURRENT FALLS IN HEALTHY COMMUNITY‐LIVING SUBJECTS AGED 65 AND OLDER , 2008, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[7]  S. Lord,et al.  Sit-to-stand performance depends on sensation, speed, balance, and psychological status in addition to strength in older people. , 2002, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[8]  S. Ng.  Balance Ability, Not Muscle Strength and Exercise Endurance, Determines the Performance of Hemiparetic Subjects on the Timed-Sit-to-Stand Test , 2010, American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation.

[9]  Peter Langhorne,et al.  Interventions for improving sit-to-stand ability following stroke. , 2014, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[10]  V. Fung,et al.  Reproducibility of measures of leg muscle power, leg muscle strength, postural sway and mobility in people with Parkinson's disease. , 2012, Gait & posture.

[11]  Ronir Raggio Luiz,et al.  Assessment of agreement of a quantitative variable: a new graphical approach. , 2003, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[12]  K. Dodd,et al.  Retest reliability of balance and mobility measurements in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease , 2011, International Psychogeriatrics.

[13]  S. Kon,et al.  The five-repetition sit-to-stand test as a functional outcome measure in COPD , 2013, Thorax.

[14]  Gammon M Earhart,et al.  Five times sit-to-stand test performance in Parkinson's disease. , 2011, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[15]  Athanase Benetos,et al.  A Simple Clinical Scale to Stratify Risk of Recurrent Falls in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 65 Years and Older , 2010, Physical Therapy.

[16]  L. Ferrucci,et al.  A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. , 1994, Journal of gerontology.

[17]  Wim G. M. Janssen,et al.  Determinants of the sit-to-stand movement: a review. , 2002, Physical therapy.

[18]  R. Davey,et al.  Tests for physical function of the elderly with knee and hip osteoarthritis , 2001, Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports.

[19]  E. Heath.  Borg's Perceived Exertion and Pain Scales , 1998 .

[20]  J. Judge,et al.  The relationship between physical performance measures and independence in instrumental activities of daily living. The FICSIT Group. Frailty and Injury: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Trials. , 1996, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[21]  Carla L Graf,et al.  Functional decline in hospitalized older adults. , 2006, The American journal of nursing.

[22]  Mark S Redfern,et al.  Clinical measurement of sit-to-stand performance in people with balance disorders: validity of data for the Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test. , 2005, Physical therapy.

[23]  S. Ng,et al.  5-repetition sit-to-stand test in subjects with chronic stroke: reliability and validity. , 2010, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[24]  Physical performance tasks: what are the underlying constructs? , 2002, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[25]  Richard W. Bohannon,et al.  RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THREE STRENGTH MEASURES OBTAINED FROM COMMUNITY‐DWELLING ELDERLY PERSONS , 2005, Journal of strength and conditioning research.

[26]  Richard W. Bohannon.  Test-Retest Reliability of the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test: A Systematic Review of the Literature Involving Adults , 2011, Journal of strength and conditioning research.

[27]  James E. Graham,et al.  Short Physical Performance Battery in hospitalized older adults , 2009, Aging clinical and experimental research.

[28]  F. Pitta,et al.  Which is the best protocol of the sit-to-stand test in patients with COPD? , 2015 .