Feasibility of Technologies to Produce Coal-Based Fuels with Equal or Lower Greenhouse Gas Emissions than Petroleum Fuels

Abstract : This report examines the feasibility of potential technologies that could enable coal-based fuels to meet the requirements of the DoD consistent with section 526 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 (Public Law 110-140). The report also discusses research on those technologies that are most promising for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, capture of carbon, and other approaches that could enable coal-based fuels to be procured under section 526 of the EISA 2007.

[1]  Mikael Höök,et al.  A review on coal‐to‐liquid fuels and its coal consumption , 2010 .

[2]  S. T. Sie,et al.  The shell middle distillate synthesis process (SMDS) , 1988 .

[3]  Andre Peter Steynberg,et al.  Clean coal conversion options using Fischer–Tropsch technology , 2004 .

[4]  Paulina Jaramillo,et al.  Comparative analysis of the production costs and life-cycle GHG emissions of FT liquid fuels from coal and natural gas. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[5]  Lincoln L. Davies,et al.  Understanding Barriers to Commercial-Scale Carbon Capture and Sequestration in the United States: An Empirical Assessment , 2013 .

[6]  Anthony Andrews,et al.  Fischer-Tropsch Fuels from Coal, Natural Gas, and Biomass: Background and Policy , 2008 .

[7]  Michael J. O'Donnell,et al.  Propulsion and Power Rapid Response Research and Development (R&D) Support. Delivery Order 0011: Advanced Propulsion Fuels Research and Development-Subtask: Framework and Guidance for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Footprints of Aviation Fuels , 2009 .

[8]  Jens R. Rostrup-Nielsen,et al.  Catalysis and large-scale conversion of natural gas , 1994 .

[9]  Bob van der Zwaan,et al.  CO2 Capture and Storage with Leakage in an Energy-Climate Model , 2009 .

[10]  Frank Camm,et al.  Producing Liquid Fuels from Coal , 2008 .

[11]  C. Chang,et al.  Process Studies on the Conversion of Methanol to Gasoline , 1978 .

[12]  Michael Wang,et al.  Allocation of energy use in petroleum refineries to petroleum products , 2004 .

[13]  Daniel Vallentin,et al.  Policy drivers and barriers for coal-to-liquids (CtL) technologies in the United States , 2008 .

[14]  Robert H. Williams,et al.  Fischer-Tropsch Fuels from Coal and Biomass , 2008 .

[15]  M Melaina,et al.  Role of fuel carbon intensity in achieving 2050 greenhouse gas reduction goals within the light-duty vehicle sector. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[16]  Arpad Horvath,et al.  Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Construction, Manufacturing, Operation, and Maintenance of U.S. Distribution Infrastructure for Petroleum and Biofuels , 2013 .

[17]  Eric D. Larson,et al.  Making Fischer-Tropsch fuels and electricity from coal and biomass: Performance and cost analysis , 2011 .

[18]  Timothy J Skone,et al.  Rapid Response R&D for the Propulsion Directorate. Delivery Order 0019: Advanced Alternative Energy Technologies, Subtask: Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis of Advanced Jet Propulsion Fuels: Fischer-Tropsch Based SPK-1 Case Study , 2011 .

[19]  Russell W Stratton,et al.  Quantifying variability in life cycle greenhouse gas inventories of alternative middle distillate transportation fuels. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[20]  Steven Chiuta,et al.  Techno-economic evaluation of a nuclear-assisted coal-to-liquid facility , 2012 .

[21]  H. Kheshgi,et al.  Carbon dioxide capture and storage: Seven years after the IPCC special report , 2012, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change.

[22]  Katherine Blakeley,et al.  DOD Alternative Fuels: Policy, Initiatives and Legislative Activity , 2012 .

[23]  A. Horvath,et al.  Lifecycle greenhouse gas implications of US national scenarios for cellulosic ethanol production , 2012 .

[24]  Kristine E Blackwell The Department of Defense: Reducing Its Reliance on Fossil-Based Aviation Fuel Issues for Congress , 2013 .

[25]  S. T. Sie,et al.  Conversion of natural gas to transportation fuels via the shell middle distillate synthesis process (SMDS) , 1991 .

[26]  P. L. Zuideveld,et al.  The Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis Process , 1991 .

[27]  Arno de Klerk Indirect Liquefaction Carbon Efficiency , 2011 .

[28]  Edward S. Rubin,et al.  CO2 implications of coal-to-liquids (CTL) plants , 2013 .

[29]  Jeongwoo Han,et al.  Assessment of fuel-cycle energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for Fischer-Tropsch diesel from coal and cellulosic biomass. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.