In Standard CAN/CSA S16.1-M89, the contribution of the concrete to the flexural capacity of concrete-filled hollow structural sections is acknowledged as an alternative approach, but no method of assessing it is given. Preliminary studies had indicated that the concrete increased the ultimate moment capacity, the initial flexural stiffness, and the ductility, and delayed local buckling of the steel, thus enhancing the behaviour considerably. A series of four flexural tests on rectangular and square cold-formed hollow structural steel sections and twelve on concrete-filled sections were undertaken to assess the general behaviour of these composite sections. The test specimens were selected to examine the effects of different ratios of depth to width and therefore of the proportions of steel and concrete in compression, and of different values of shear span to depth as related to the transfer of forces from one to the other when no direct means is provided for this transfer. The tests showed that the ultima...
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