Improved ADC Model of Voltage-Source Converters in DC Grids

Due to a large number of converters in dc grids, the simulation speed using traditional electromagnetic simulation tools becomes very slow. An associated discrete circuit (ADC) switch model can improve the simulation efficiency greatly by avoiding the modification of system matrix during switching. However, existing ADC switches induce virtual power losses due to simulation errors during switching transients. The mechanism of the virtual power loss is analyzed, and a power loss model is established. An improved ADC switch model is designed by adding compensation sources to mitigate the simulation errors. Theoretical analyses are carried out to prove this improvement. A fast algorithm to obtain the initial values of the compensation sources is proposed by utilizing the complementary operation of IGBTs. The improved ADC switch provides fast simulation speed and high accuracy. The modeling is particularly suitable for investigating long term system dynamics of dc grids with multiple converters and fast converter transients at the same time.

[1]  T. Ueta,et al.  A Fast Loss and Temperature Simulation Method for Power Converters, Part I: Electrothermal Modeling and Validation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[2]  Z. Ban,et al.  Simplified Averaged Models of DC–DC Power Converters Suitable for Controller Design and Microgrid Simulation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  U N Gnanarathna,et al.  Efficient Modeling of Modular Multilevel HVDC Converters (MMC) on Electromagnetic Transient Simulation Programs , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[4]  S. Hui,et al.  A discrete approach to the modelling of power electronic switching networks , 1989, 20th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.

[5]  Dushan Boroyevich,et al.  Grid-Interface Bidirectional Converter for Residential DC Distribution Systems—Part 2: AC and DC Interface Design With Passive Components Minimization , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[6]  R. Iravani,et al.  FPGA Implementation of the Power Electronic Converter Model for Real-Time Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[7]  G. ASPLUND,et al.  Continental Overlay HVDC-Grid , 2011 .

[8]  Jun Liang,et al.  Operation and Control of Multiterminal HVDC Transmission for Offshore Wind Farms , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[9]  Zhe Chen,et al.  Control of Improved Full-Bridge Three-Level DC/DC Converter for Wind Turbines in a DC Grid , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  Fang Tian,et al.  An improvement of neutral-point balancing algorithm of STATCOM , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.

[11]  Simon P. Teeuwsen,et al.  Simplified dynamic model of a voltage-sourced converter with modular multilevel converter design , 2009, 2009 IEEE/PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition.

[12]  Shu Yuen Ron Hui,et al.  Generalised associated discrete circuit model for switching devices , 1994 .

[13]  Ali Davoudi,et al.  Accelerated Simulation of High-Fidelity Models of Supercapacitors Using Waveform Relaxation Techniques , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[14]  Ernst Hairer,et al.  Solving Ordinary Differential Equations I: Nonstiff Problems , 2009 .

[15]  M. Steurer,et al.  Study of Power Loss of Small Time-Step VSC Model in RTDS , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[16]  V. Dinavahi,et al.  Real-Time Digital Hardware Simulation of Power Electronics and Drives , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[17]  A.M. Gole.  Electromagnetic transient simulation of power electronic equipment in power systems: challenges and solutions , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[18]  Boon-Teck Ooi,et al.  Premium quality power park based on multi-terminal HVDC , 2005 .

[19]  Giri Venkataramanan,et al.  Simplified Terminal Behavioral Model for a Modular Multilevel Converter , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[20]  H. Bjorklund,et al.  Challenges with Multi-Terminal UHVDC Transmissions , 2008, 2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference.

[21]  Venkata Dinavahi,et al.  FPGA-Based Real-Time Emulation of Power Electronic Systems With Detailed Representation of Device Characteristics , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[22]  T. Ueta,et al.  A Fast Loss and Temperature Simulation Method for Power Converters, Part II: 3-D Thermal Model of Power Module , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[23]  Zheng Xu,et al.  Modeling and Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter-Based HVDC System Under Unbalanced Grid Conditions , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[24]  Marc Hiller,et al.  Modulation, Losses, and Semiconductor Requirements of Modular Multilevel Converters , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  T. Maguire,et al.  Small Time-step ( < 2μSec ) VSC Model for the Real Time Digital Simulator , 2005 .

[26]  A.D. Rajapakse,et al.  Electromagnetic transients simulation models for accurate representation of switching losses and thermal performance in power electronic systems , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[27]  Dushan Boroyevich,et al.  Grid-Interface Bidirectional Converter for Residential DC Distribution Systems—Part One: High-Density Two-Stage Topology , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[28]  S. Henry,et al.  Feasibility study of off-shore HVDC grids , 2010, IEEE PES General Meeting.