Simulation of Sedimentary Basins

In this chapter we focus on mathematical and numerical models of coupled partial differential equations governing geological processes. We consider a model governing some of the fundamental space-time geological processes in sedimentary basins. The mathematical model couples fluid and heat transfer in time in a deforming porous medium. A finite element discretization technique with a fully implicit approach represent the most robust and reliable solution. The basin model is used in a case study simulating the cooling of a high temperature (1100 degrees C) horizontal magmatic intrusion (sill), including the aspects of maturity of hydrocarbons. The model is able to handle sharp temperature gradients and give a quantitative description of the conductive and advective temperature transfer, which causes changes in the pore pressure, fluid circulation, as well as effective and thermal stresses, in the proximity of the sill.