Technology transfer subcontracting in developing countries through

Past discussions on technology transfer (TT) in construction have mainly focused on technology acquisition during the execution of projects involving an overseas party. This paper extends this discussion to the problems and prospects of internal transfer of technology within the domestic construction sector in order to boost indigenous construction capacity. Empirical evidence from subcontracting arrangements in Sri Lanka is used to test the theoretical analysis. The theoretical framework identifies three interdependent TT goals. Effective transfer of technology within the confines of single projects cannot be a major vehicle for TT to domestic industries as a whole unless advanced knowledge gained in such projects is effectively diffused within the domestic industry. Nevertheless, joint ventures and subcontracting arrangements involving foreign parties can be beneficial. For the effective internal transfer of technology, the design and construction systems employed in internationally managed projects should seek to facilitate the internal transfer of technology and thereby boost domestic construction capabilities. The possible approaches to achieve this outcome are considered in detail. Les discussions conduites dans le passé sur les transferts de technologies (TT) dans le secteur de la construction ont porté, pour l'essentiel, sur l'acquisition de technologies dans le cadre de l'exécution de projets faisant intervenir un partenaire étranger. Cet article étend le débat aux questions et perspectives de transferts internes de technologies dans le secteur de la construction d'un pays, l'objectif étant de relancer les capacités de construction nationales. Pour vérifier l'analyse théorique, on prend comme exemple pratique des arrangements de sous-traitance au Sri Lanka. Le cadre théorique recense trois objectifs de TT interdépendants. Un transfert de technologie efficace dans le cadre de projets uniques ne peut constituer un vecteur majeur de TT pour les industries nationales prises dans leur ensemble, sauf si les connaissances de pointe acquises dans de tels projets sont réellement transmises à l'industrie du pays. Les co-entreprises et les arrangements de soustraitance faisant intervenir des partenaires étrangers peuvent cependant être profitables. Pour qu'un transfert de technologie interne soit efficace, il faudrait que les systèmes de conception et de construction utilisés dans les projets à direction internationale cherchent à faciliter les transferts de technologies internes et dopent ainsi les capacités de constructions nationales. L'article analyse en détail les méthodes qui pourraient permettre d'atteindre ce résultat.

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