A Real-Time Energy Management System for Operating Cost Minimization of Fuel Cell/Battery Electric Vehicles

This paper presents a Real-Time Energy Management System (RT-EMS) for minimizing the operating costs of a Fuel Cell/Battery Electric Vehicle (FCBEV). Particularly, a suitable cost function is considered, which accounts for battery and fuel cell degradation, as well as for fuel consumption and battery charging reinstatement. The cost function is thus minimized in real-time by a suitable energy management strategy, which is designed based on an appropriate model of the overall electric propulsion system. In this regard, a suitable power split criterion is determined, based on which the proposed RT-EMS shares the propulsion power between fuel cell and battery. As a result, the cost function can be minimized whatever the driving cycle is. The effectiveness of the proposed RT-EMS has been assessed by numerical simulations, which have been performed in Matlab-Simulink considering different driving cycles and a hysteresis-based EMS for comparison purposes.

[1]  A. Lazaro,et al.  Hybrid Systems Energy Management Using Optimization Method Based on Dynamic Sources Models , 2014, 2014 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC).

[2]  Liu Hao,et al.  Parameter design of the powertrain of fuel cell electric vehicle and the energy management strategy , 2015, 2015 34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC).

[3]  Ali Emadi,et al.  Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles : Fundamentals, Theory, and Design, Second Edition , 2009 .

[4]  David Bouquain,et al.  Control strategy of fuel cell electric vehicle including degradation process , 2015, IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[5]  M. Gerard,et al.  Energy management strategy for hybrid fuel cell vehicle , 2012, 2012 12th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems.

[6]  Chee Wei Tan,et al.  A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles , 2013 .

[7]  Romeo Ortega,et al.  Energy Management of Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Power Sources Using Model Predictive Control , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[8]  Jianqiu Li,et al.  Power management and economic estimation of fuel cell hybrid vehicle using fuzzy logic , 2009, 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[9]  Chee Wei Tan,et al.  Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles: A review on power conditioning units and topologies , 2017 .

[10]  Huan Li,et al.  Equivalent consumption minimization strategy for hybrid electric vehicle powered by fuel cell, battery and supercapacitor , 2016, IECON 2016 - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[11]  Gheorghe Livint,et al.  Control strategies for hybrid electric vehicles with two energy sources on board , 2014, 2014 International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering (EPE).

[12]  Hui Li,et al.  Optimal Design and Real-Time Control for Energy Management in Electric Vehicles , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[13]  S. Jawadi,et al.  An efficient control strategy for hybrid PEMFC/Supercapacitor power source applied for automotive application , 2015, 2015 16th International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA).

[14]  Ilse Cervantes,et al.  On the Design of Robust Energy Management Strategies for FCHEV , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[15]  Kodjo Agbossou,et al.  Energy management strategy for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle based on maximum efficiency and maximum power identification , 2016 .

[16]  Alain Bouscayrol,et al.  IEEE VTS Motor Vehicles Challenge 2017 - Energy Management of a Fuel Cell/Battery Vehicle , 2016, 2016 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC).