Optimal Energy Storage System Control in a Smart Grid including Renewable Generation Units

The paper deals with energy storage systems applications in Smart Grids. Several services can be performed thanks to the energy storage systems use, with objectives aimed at meeting needs internal or external to the Smart Grid. Optimal nonlinear constrained problems can be formulated and properly solved in order to perform the services in the best economical and technical way. In this paper, optimal control strategies are proposed in order to allow the Smart Grid to minimize internal losses and to sell energy and ancillary services during high power prices periods. The procedure involves the formulation of optimal power flow problems; proper objective functions and constraints are imposed to satisfying the services that have to be carried out. A numerical application on a 30-bus low voltage Smart Grid shows the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.

[1]  Pierluigi Caramia,et al.  Optimal Operation of Smart Grids Including Distributed Generation Units and Plug in Vehicles , 2011 .

[2]  Thomas Garrity,et al.  Getting Smart , 2008, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[3]  T. Kulworawanichpong,et al.  Impact of energy storage in micro-grid systems with DGs , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.

[4]  G. Joos,et al.  Coordination of Distributed Storage with Wind Energy in a Rural Distribution System , 2007, 2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting.

[5]  D. Proto,et al.  Centralized control of dispersed generators providing ancillary services in distribution networks Part II: Numerical applications , 2009, 2009 44th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC).

[6]  Willett Kempton,et al.  Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: Calculating capacity and net revenue , 2005 .

[7]  Khosrow Moslehi,et al.  A Reliability Perspective of the Smart Grid , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[8]  Johan Driesen,et al.  Integration of energy storage in distribution grids , 2010, IEEE PES General Meeting.

[9]  A. Oudalov,et al.  Sizing and Optimal Operation of Battery Energy Storage System for Peak Shaving Application , 2007, 2007 IEEE Lausanne Power Tech.

[10]  Guido Carpinelli,et al.  New Approaches for Very Short-term Steady-State Analysis of An Electrical Distribution System with Wind Farms , 2010 .

[11]  Farrokh Albuyeh,et al.  Grid of the future , 2009, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[12]  G. Carpinelli,et al.  Optimal allocation of dispersed generators, capacitors and distributed energy storage systems in distribution networks , 2010, 2010 Modern Electric Power Systems.

[13]  K. C. Divya,et al.  Battery Energy Storage Technology for power systems-An overview , 2009 .