A Review of Development and Applications of Expert System

This paper surveys expert systems (ES) methodologies and applications and using a literature review and classification of articles from 1995 to 2004 with a keyword index and article abstract in order to explore how ES methodologies and applications have developed during this period. From their first applications until now, expert systems have provided solutions to multiple problems in companies of all types. Based on the scope of 66 articles from 28 academic journals (retrieved from five online database) of ES applications, this paper surveys and classifies ES methodologies using the following four categories: rule-based systems, knowledge-based systems, neural networks, fuzzy expert system. Present analysis from related academic journals, conference proceedings and literature reviews. Our results show an increase in the number of recent publications which is an indication of gaining popularity on the part of Fuzzy Expert Systems and Neural Expert System Discussion is presented, indicating the followings future development directions for ES methodologies and applications: (1) ES methodologies are tending to develop towards expertise orientation and ES applications development is a problem-oriented domain. (2) It is suggested that different social science methodologies, such as psychology, cognitive science, and human behavior could implement ES as another kind of methodology. (3) The ability to continually change and obtain new understanding is the driving power of ES methodologies, and should be the ES application of future works.