Impact of various scenarios of V2G penetration on voltage profile of a 3-phase network

With the penetration of V2G facilities into the distribution system, analysis of the distribution network requires special models to accommodate the V2G dual characteristic as current-source, and current-sink component. Accurate modeling of the unbalanced distribution network is crucial. These two goals are addressed in the paper. V2G is modeled as a PQ current source/sink. Newton Raphson 3-phase current injection formulation was employed to model the impact of V2G on voltage profile. The model shows that V2G alters the voltage profile of the system. A superfluity of different operational scenarios and cases (with different V2G penetration levels) are considered. IEEE 13 Node test feeder networks was modeled in Radial Distribution Analysis Package (RDAP). System studies showing the impact of considerable V2G penetration on steady-state behavior of the IEEE feeders are presented. The load flow results provided information on the impacts of V2G on the voltage profile of the unbalanced network. Results show that for a given penetration level, 3-phase and system-wide V2G integration result in improved voltage profile than 1-phase integration. The results will be useful in distribution system planning and operation, especially as V2G penetration increases.