New frequency domain method of nonrepeatable runout measurement in a hard disk drive spindle motor

A new frequency domain method was developed and mathematically investigated for measurement and analysis of runout in a computer hard disk drive (HDD) spindle motor. Repeatable runout (RRO) can be represented as the harmonics of the motor rotational frequency in frequency domain. Therefore nonrepeatable runout (NRRO) is the subtraction of the harmonics from total indicated runout (TIR), so that NRRO in time domain can be easily reconstructed by inverse Fourier transform of NRRO in frequency domain. This method is accurate and simple without index signal indispensable to time domain analysis. This research measured runout of a 3.5" HDD spindle motor with both capacitance probe and laser, and also investigated its characteristics statistically and correlated NRRO with defect frequencies of ball bearing, resonance frequency and its mode shape through Campbell diagram.