Carbon nanofiber-based composites for the construction of mediator-free biosensors.

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), with typical diameters of approximately 80 nm and lengths of the order of micrometers, are extremely attractive in bioanalytical area as they can combine properties of high surface area, non-toxicity, acceptable biocompatibility, ease of fabrication, chemical and electrochemical stability, good electrical conductivity. In this work, CNF-based composites were successfully used as an immobilization matrix for the construction of a reagentless mediator-free hemoglobin-based H2O2 biosensor. The results revealed that hemoglobin retained its essential secondary structure in the CNF-based composite film. With the advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, dramatically facilitated direct electron transfer of hemoglobin and good bioelectrocatalytic activity towards H2O2 were demonstrated. The biosensor displayed good performance along with good long-term stability. The CNF-based composites were proved to be a promising biosensing platform for the construction of mediator-free biosensors, and may find wide potential applications in biosensors, biocatalysis, bioelectronics and biofuel cell.

[1]  Darren J. Martin,et al.  THE BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF CARBON NANOTUBES , 2006 .

[2]  Douglas J. Moffatt,et al.  Fourier Self-Deconvolution: A Method for Resolving Intrinsically Overlapped Bands , 1981 .

[3]  Jinghong Li,et al.  Composite system based on chitosan and room-temperature ionic liquid: direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of hemoglobin. , 2006, Biomacromolecules.

[4]  Zhihui Dai,et al.  Immobilization of hemoglobin on zirconium dioxide nanoparticles for preparation of a novel hydrogen peroxide biosensor. , 2004, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[5]  Gongxuan Lu,et al.  Hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin immobilized on carbon paste electrode by a silica sol–gel film , 2004 .

[6]  Longzhen Zheng,et al.  Layer-by-Layer Assembly Films and their Applications in Electroanalytical Chemistry , 2006 .

[7]  J. Rusling,et al.  Electrochemical Generation and Reactions of Ferrylmyoglobins in Water and Microemulsions , 1997 .

[8]  R. R. Moore,et al.  Basal plane pyrolytic graphite modified electrodes: comparison of carbon nanotubes and graphite powder as electrocatalysts. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[9]  Qingdong Huang,et al.  Composite Films of Surfactants, Nafion, and Proteins with Electrochemical and Enzyme Activity , 1996 .

[10]  Z. Wen,et al.  Hydroxyl-containing antimony oxide bromide nanorods combined with chitosan for biosensors. , 2006, Biomaterials.

[11]  Z. Gu,et al.  The Electrochemical Behavior of Hemoglobin on SWNTs/DDAB Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode , 2004 .

[12]  Y. Qian,et al.  High-yield carbon nanorods obtained by a catalytic copyrolysis process. , 2004, Inorganic chemistry.

[13]  Itamar Willner,et al.  Long-range electrical contacting of redox enzymes by SWCNT connectors. , 2004, Angewandte Chemie.

[14]  J. Rusling,et al.  Heme proteins sequestered in silica sol–gels using surfactants feature direct electron transfer and peroxidase activity , 2004 .

[15]  Dawei Zhang,et al.  Carbon nanofibers: Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical properties , 2006 .

[16]  F. Armstrong,et al.  Direct electrochemistry of redox proteins , 1988 .

[17]  Jing Chen,et al.  Direct electron transfer and bioelectrocatalysis of hemoglobin at a carbon nanotube electrode. , 2004, Analytical biochemistry.

[18]  R. Hamers,et al.  Fabrication and characterization of vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes for biosensing applications , 2006 .

[19]  Y. Qian,et al.  Single-crystalline alpha silicon–nitride nanowires: Large-scale synthesis, characterization, and optic properties , 2005 .

[20]  I. Willner,et al.  Biomolecule-nanoparticle hybrid systems for bioelectronic applications. , 2007, Bioelectrochemistry.

[21]  Joseph Wang.  Nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors. , 2005, The Analyst.

[22]  Katerina Tsagaraki,et al.  Carbon nanofiber-based glucose biosensor. , 2006, Analytical chemistry.

[23]  D. Chapman.  Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics , 1982 .

[24]  G. S. Wilson,et al.  Rotating ring-disk enzyme electrode for biocatalysis kinetic studies and characterization of the immobilized enzyme layer , 1980 .

[25]  Yuehe Lin,et al.  Glucose Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanotube Nanoelectrode Ensembles , 2004 .

[26]  Gu Zhou,et al.  Electrochemistry and electrocatalysis with heme proteins in chitosan biopolymer films. , 2002, Analytical biochemistry.

[27]  E. Laviron.  General expression of the linear potential sweep voltammogram in the case of diffusionless electrochemical systems , 1979 .

[28]  Ulla Wollenberger,et al.  Thirty years of haemoglobin electrochemistry. , 2005, Advances in colloid and interface science.

[29]  Shihe Yang,et al.  Significantly accelerated direct electron-transfer kinetics of hemoglobin in a C(60)-MWCNT nanocomposite film. , 2006, Chemistry.

[30]  Wei‐De Zhang,et al.  The interface behavior of hemoglobin at carbon nanotube and the detection for H(2)O(2). , 2005, Talanta.