Aripiprazole for the treatment of schizophrenia: Recommendations of a panel of Spanish experts on its use in clinical practice

Abstract Objectives Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic with a partial agonism of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors. This differential mechanism implies a rigorous appraisal of the appropriate therapeutic strategies in certain situations. To answer currently unsolved clinical questions about the use of oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) aripiprazole, we present here an expert consensus from 12 Spanish psychiatrists and a pharmacologist with extensive experience in the use of this antipsychotic. Methods Through one face-to-face session and online collaboration, we reached consensus and established practical recommendations based on scientific evidence and clinical experience. We classified the available scientific literature according to SIGN system and attributed a level of evidence to each reviewed article. Results The recommendations were divided according to (i) chronological dimension (based on previous treatments, including patients naïve or not to antipsychotic treatment and maintenance regimen), and (ii) dimension related to therapeutic options, comprising switches to aripiprazole and the most used combinations with this antipsychotic. Conclusions We recommend considering aripiprazole as first treatment option in the early stages of schizophrenia and in patients with affective symptoms and contemplating a switch to aripiprazole LAI in all candidate patients. Importantly, switches from other antipsychotics should consider previous antipsychotic history and exposure to aripiprazole. KEYPOINTS Aripiprazole can be considered as first treatment option in early stages of schizophrenia and in patients with significant affective symptoms. Aripiprazole LAI shows better adherence than oral aripiprazole and could be considered in all candidate patients. Before switching to aripiprazole, detailed information about previous antipsychotic history should be gathered. Switch to aripiprazole should be managed differently for aripiprazole naïve and non-naïve patients. Rigorous and controlled studies on antipsychotics in real clinical practice should be carried out.