Two-plant direct heat integration with safety redundancy based on a bilevel algorithm

Abstract Heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis is important for energy savings and cost reduction. Current research on interplant heat integration has mainly focused on the heat recovery aspect, while ignoring the operating risk due to the unplanned shutdown of other plants. In this paper, a new two-plant direct heat integration model that considers safety redundancy (DHISR) is proposed to decrease the risk loss as far as possible. A bilevel meta-heuristic algorithm that consists of an evolutionary algorithm of pattern extraction (ALOPEX) and a particle swarm optimization algorithm is implemented to optimize the mixed-integer non-linear programming superstructure model. The financial benefits allocated to the plants in the heat integration alliance are determined by the improved two-plant risk-based Shapley value. The results of three examples show that the proposed approach achieves a good performance in the two-plant HEN synthesis and provides good cost distribution.

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