Exit 89-an Evacuation Model For High-rise Buildings-model Description And Example Applications

EXIT89 is an evacuation model designed to handle the evacuation of a large population of individuals from a high-rise building. It has the ability to track the location of individuals as they move through the building so that the output from this model can be used as input to a toxicity model that will accumulate occupant exposures to combustion products. The model has been enhanced to allow the user to specify whether the occupants of the building will follow the shortest exit paths or their familiar route from the building, as well as to allow evacuation delays to be set by the user by locations and additional delays to be distributed randomly among the occupants. It allows smoke input to be read in from a smoke movement model or from user-defined blockages. EXIT89 models queueing effects by using occupant densities in building spaces to compute each occupant's walking speed. One proposed future use for EXIT89 is as the evacuation module of Hazard I [I], allowing that software package to extend its use to larger, more complex buildings. The model described in this paper was designed to use the smoke movement data generated by one component of Hazard I and to provide the occupant location data required by the tenability model incorporated in Hazard I. The program has been tested using data from evacuation drills in several buildings. Examples of the applications are presented in this paper. The model is written in FORTRAN.