Surfactant dysfunction in SP-A-/- and iNOS-/- mice with mycoplasma infection.

Surfactant dysfunction was studied in C57BL/6 (B6), B6.SP-A(-/-), and B6.iNOS(-/-) mice with pulmonary mycoplasma infection (10(7) colony-forming units). Cell-free bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from uninfected B6.SP-A(-/-) versus B6 mice had a reduced content of very large aggregates (VLA) and an increase in intermediate large aggregates (ILA), with no difference in total large aggregates (LA = VLA + ILA). However, LA from uninfected B6.SP-A(-/-) versus B6 mice contained less protein and were more sensitive to inhibition by serum albumin and lysophosphatidylcholine in pulsating bubble studies in vitro. Infection with Mycoplasma pulmonis caused significant lung injury and surfactant abnormalities in B6.SP-A(-/-), B6.iNOS(-/-), and B6 mice at 24, 48, 72 h after infection compared with uninfected mice of the same strain. Analyses of time-pooled data indicated that mycoplasma-infected B6.SP-A(-/-) and B6.iNOS(-/-) mice had significantly lower levels of LA and higher protein/phospholipid ratios in BAL compared with infected B6 mice. Infected B6.iNOS(-/-) versus B6 mice also had increased minimum surface tensions on the pulsating bubble and decreased levels of surfactant protein (SP)-B in BAL. These results indicate that pulmonary mycoplasma infection in vivo causes lung injury and surfactant abnormalities that are dependent in part on iNOS and SP-A. In addition, SP-A deficiency modifies surfactant aggregate content and lowers the inhibition resistance of LA surfactant in vitro compared with congenic normal mice.

[1]  S. Matalon,et al.  Reactive species mediate inhibition of alveolar type II sodium transport during mycoplasma infection. , 2006, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[2]  S. Guttentag,et al.  Expression profiles of hydrophobic surfactant proteins in children with diffuse chronic lung disease , 2005, Respiratory research.

[3]  A. Hutson,et al.  Surfactant alterations in acute inflammatory lung injury from aspiration of acid and gastric particulates. , 2005, American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.

[4]  Ken B. Waites,et al.  Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Its Role as a Human Pathogen , 2004, Clinical Microbiology Reviews.

[5]  S. Matalon,et al.  Role of surfactant protein-A in nitric oxide production and mycoplasma killing in congenic C57BL/6 mice. , 2004, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[6]  C. Daniels,et al.  Pulmonary surfactant: the key to the evolution of air breathing. , 2003, News in physiological sciences : an international journal of physiology produced jointly by the International Union of Physiological Sciences and the American Physiological Society.

[7]  S. Matalon,et al.  Cyclophosphamide Decreases Nitrotyrosine Formation and Inhibits Nitric Oxide Production by Alveolar Macrophages in Mycoplasmosis , 2001, Infection and Immunity.

[8]  K. Reid,et al.  The roles of surfactant proteins A and D in innate immunity , 2000, Immunological reviews.

[9]  S. Matalon,et al.  Surfactant protein A mediates mycoplasmacidal activity of alveolar macrophages by production of peroxynitrite. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  L. Illis.  Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 14th Edition , 1998, Spinal Cord.

[11]  J. Lindsey,et al.  Roles of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Respiratory Mycoplasmosis , 1998, Infection and Immunity.

[12]  A. Jobe,et al.  Characteristics of surfactant from SP-A-deficient mice. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.

[13]  D. Voelker,et al.  Surfactant protein A and surfactant protein D in health and disease. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.

[14]  S. Matalon,et al.  Surfactant protein A mediates mycoplasmacidal activity of alveolar macrophages. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.

[15]  S. Matalon,et al.  Inhibition of surfactant function by copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD). , 1997, Journal of applied physiology.

[16]  S. Michalek,et al.  Depletion of alveolar macrophages exacerbates respiratory mycoplasmosis in mycoplasma-resistant C57BL mice but not mycoplasma-susceptible C3H mice , 1997, Infection and immunity.

[17]  A. Jobe,et al.  Surfactant metabolism in surfactant protein A-deficient mice. , 1997, The American journal of physiology.

[18]  H. Haagsman,et al.  Surface properties, morphology and protein composition of pulmonary surfactant subtypes. , 1996, The Biochemical journal.

[19]  B. Stripp,et al.  Altered surfactant function and structure in SP-A gene targeted mice. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[20]  F. Possmayer,et al.  Surfactant-associated protein A is important for maintaining surfactant large-aggregate forms during surface-area cycling. , 1996, The Biochemical journal.

[21]  T. Schoeb,et al.  Gene expression and production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and gamma interferon in C3H/HeN and C57BL/6N mice in acute Mycoplasma pulmonis disease , 1995, Infection and immunity.

[22]  K. Keough,et al.  Pulmonary surfactant protein SP-A with phospholipids in spread monolayers at the air-water interface. , 1995, Biochemistry.

[23]  J. Wright,et al.  Immunomodulatory Functions of Surfactant , 1995, Physiological reviews.

[24]  J. Goerke,et al.  Surface activity of rabbit pulmonary surfactant subfractions at different concentrations in a captive bubble. , 1994, Journal of applied physiology.

[25]  A. Persson,et al.  Molecular structure of pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D). , 1994, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[26]  H. Haagsman.  Surfactant proteins A and D. , 1994, Biochemical Society transactions.

[27]  S. Matalon,et al.  Mechanisms of peroxynitrite-induced injury to pulmonary surfactants. , 1993, The American journal of physiology.

[28]  T. Lacaze‐Masmonteil.  Pulmonary surfactant proteins. , 1993, Critical care medicine.

[29]  H J Palmer,et al.  Approximations in the measurement of surface tension on the oscillating bubble surfactometer. , 1993, Journal of applied physiology.

[30]  F. Possmayer,et al.  Adsorption, compression and stability of surface films from natural, lipid extract and reconstituted pulmonary surfactants. , 1993, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[31]  H. Geuze,et al.  Immunocytochemical localization of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in type II cells, Clara cells, and alveolar macrophages of rat lung. , 1992, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society.

[32]  S. Schürch,et al.  Pulmonary SP-A enhances adsorption and appears to induce surface sorting of lipid extract surfactant. , 1992, The American journal of physiology.

[33]  A. Persson,et al.  Surfactant protein D: subcellular localization in nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells. , 1992, The American journal of physiology.

[34]  A. Verkleij,et al.  Surfactant protein A is localized at the corners of the pulmonary tubular myelin lattice. , 1991, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society.

[35]  M. Williams,et al.  Changes in lipid structure produced by surfactant proteins SP-A, SP-B, and SP-C. , 1991, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[36]  R. Stone.  Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine , 1991 .

[37]  J. Whitsett,et al.  Enhancement of biophysical activity of lung surfactant extracts and phospholipid-apoprotein mixtures by surfactant protein A. , 1990, Chemistry and physics of lipids.

[38]  A. Cockshutt,et al.  Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A enhances the surface activity of lipid extract surfactant and reverses inhibition by blood proteins in vitro. , 1990, Biochemistry.

[39]  A. Persson,et al.  Surfactant protein D is a divalent cation-dependent carbohydrate-binding protein. , 1990, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[40]  K. Kogishi,et al.  Reconstitution of tubular myelin from synthetic lipids and proteins associated with pig pulmonary surfactant. , 1989, The American review of respiratory disease.

[41]  J R Lindsey,et al.  Differences in virulence for mice among strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis , 1988, Infection and immunity.

[42]  M. Williams,et al.  Divalent cation and hydrogen ion effects on the structure and surface activity of pulmonary surfactant. , 1987, Biochemistry.

[43]  J. Whitsett,et al.  Phospholipid binding and biophysical activity of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein (SAP)-35 and its non-collagenous COOH-terminal domains. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[44]  S. Matalon,et al.  Effects of 100% O2 breathing on permeability of alveolar epithelium to solute. , 1981, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.

[45]  G. Enhorning,et al.  Pulsating bubble technique for evaluating pulmonary surfactant. , 1977, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.

[46]  M. M. Bradford.  A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. , 1976, Analytical biochemistry.

[47]  W. J. Dyer,et al.  A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. , 1959, Canadian journal of biochemistry and physiology.

[48]  Oliver H. Lowry,et al.  Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. , 1951, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[49]  J. Touchstone,et al.  Improved separation of phospholipids in thin layer chromatography , 2006, Lipids.

[50]  B. Roca.  [Mycoplasma infections]. , 2006, Revista clinica espanola.

[51]  K. Meyer.  Lung Surfactants: Basic Science and Clinical Applications , 2002 .

[52]  S. Hawgood,et al.  The pulmonary collectins and surfactant metabolism. , 2001, Annual review of physiology.

[53]  E. Crouch,et al.  Surfactant proteins a and d and pulmonary host defense. , 2001, Annual review of physiology.

[54]  K. Yukitake,et al.  Surfactant Apoprotein A Modifies the Inhibitory Effect of Plasma Proteins on Surfactant Activity In Vivo , 1995, Pediatric Research.

[55]  J. Schilling,et al.  Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of pulmonary surfactant protein SP 18 and evidence for cooperation between SP 18 and SP 28-36 in surfactant lipid adsorption. , 1987, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[56]  S. Hawgood,et al.  Effects of a surfactant-associated protein and calcium ions on the structure and surface activity of lung surfactant lipids. , 1985, Biochemistry.

[57]  S. Matalon,et al.  An ultrastructural study of alveolar permeability to cytochrome C in the rabbit lung: effect of exposure to 100% oxygen at one atmosphere. , 1981, The American journal of pathology.

[58]  B. Ames.  ASSAY OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE, TOTAL PHOSPHATE AND PHOSPHATASE , 1966 .

[59]  C. A. Teijgeler.  [Thin-layer chromatography]. , 1962, Pharmaceutisch weekblad.