Fabrication of hetero-binary and honeycomb photonic crystals by one-step holographic lithography

We report the simulation and fabrication of two-dimensional hetero-binary and honeycomb photonic crystals by one-step holographic lithography. These structures are realized by introducing one or three auxiliary beams into the three basic beams forming a regular hexagonal structure. The size contrast between the center rod and its six neighbors in a hetero-binary structure can be tuned by adjusting the intensity contrast between the auxiliary beam and basic beams. The idea of creating heterogeneity into the interference pattern by auxiliary beams could be easily extended to three-dimensional case by adding more beams in the vertical direction.

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