Chapter 7 Aggression on Roadways

Publisher Summary This chapter provides a typology of the disparate forms and maps regarding dimensions of their manifestations so that they may be more clearly differentiated. The chapter describes the topical background and then differentiate the various contemporary manifestations and their historical precursors. It is evident that the present day forms of road violence which have the appearance of novelty in fact have long-standing existences. Aggressive behavior has a recurrent association with automobile driving reflected in the symbolization of cars and trucks, as well as being rooted in psychosocial experiences on congested roadways. Dramatic occurrences of violence such as freeway shooting episodes is thought to be idiosyncratic events in their historical and phenomenological context. Freeway shootings are the one type of aggression occurring on roadways that in no way is unique to any regional area. The disinhibition of aggression is seen to result from multiple influence channels associated with physiological arousal, traffic context, aggressive scripts, and contagion mechanisms linked with the mass media. Modeling and suggestion are thought to have an important role during the diffusion of an aggressive behavior prototype.

[1]  K. Deaux,et al.  Honking at the intersection: A replication and extension. , 1971 .

[2]  Joan M. Campbell,et al.  Transportation, Stress, and Community Psychology , 1979, American journal of community psychology.

[3]  P. Zimbardo The human choice: Individuation, reason, and order versus deindividuation, impulse, and chaos. , 1969 .

[4]  M L Selzer,et al.  Young male drivers. Impulse expression, accidents, and violations. , 1967, JAMA.

[5]  P. Panek,et al.  Hand Test personality variables related to automotive moving violations in female drivers. , 1986, Journal of personality assessment.

[6]  L. J. Chase,et al.  Status of frustrator as a facilitator of aggression: a brief note. , 1973, The Journal of psychology.

[7]  R. Novaco Anger as a Clinical and Social Problem , 1986 .

[8]  M. Selzer,et al.  Automobile accidents as an expression of psychopathology in an alcoholic population. , 1967, Quarterly journal of studies on alcohol.

[9]  S. Milgram The experience of living in cities. , 1970, Science.

[10]  John B. Black,et al.  Scripts in memory for text , 1979, Cognitive Psychology.

[11]  R. V. Rainey,et al.  Psychological and psychophysiological factors in motor vehicle accidents; followup study. , 1959, Journal of the American Medical Association.

[12]  W. A. Tillmann,et al.  The accident-prone automobile driver; a study of the psychiatric and social background. , 1949, The American journal of psychiatry.

[13]  R. Abelson Script processing in attitude formation and decision making. , 1976 .

[14]  L. Wheeler Toward a theory of behavioral contagion. , 1966 .

[15]  Douglas T. Kenrick,et al.  Ambient Temperature and Horn Honking , 1986 .

[16]  M. Midlarsky,et al.  Analyzing Diffusion and Contagion Effects: The Urban Disorders of the 1960s , 1978, American Political Science Review.

[17]  Ronald Lippitt,et al.  An Investigation of Behavioral Contagion in Groups , 1950 .

[18]  C. Turner,et al.  Naturalistic studies of aggressive behavior: aggressive stimuli, victim visibility, and horn honking. , 1975, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[19]  C A Anderson,et al.  Ambient temperature and the occurrence of collective violence: a new analysis. , 1979, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[20]  L. Berkowitz,et al.  The Contagion of Criminal Violence , 1971 .

[21]  A. R. Hauber The social psychology of driving behaviour and the traffic environment: research on aggressive behaviour in traffic , 1980 .

[22]  Robert A. Baron,et al.  The Reduction of Human Aggression: A Field Study of the Influence of Incompatible Reactions , 1976 .

[23]  R. L. Dipboye,et al.  Research settings in industrial and organizational psychology: Are findings in the field more generalizable than in the laboratory? , 1979 .

[24]  G V Barrett,et al.  Selected Hand Test personality variables related to accidents in female drivers. , 1978, Journal of personality assessment.

[25]  C. Anderson,et al.  Ambient temperature and violent crime: tests of the linear and curvilinear hypotheses. , 1984, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[26]  Daniel Stokols,et al.  Objective and subjective dimensions of travel impedance as determinants of commuting stress , 1990, American journal of community psychology.

[27]  L. Rowell Huesmann,et al.  An information processing model for the development of aggression , 1988 .

[28]  Naturalistic Study of Aggression: Aggressive Stimuli and Horn-Honking: A Replication , 1979 .

[29]  G. Marlatt,et al.  Personality subtypes among driving-while-intoxicated offenders: relationship to drinking behavior and driving risk. , 1982, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[30]  D. Rimm,et al.  Systematic desensitization of an anger response. , 1971, Behaviour research and therapy.

[31]  Robert A. Baron,et al.  Environmental influences on aggression: The facilitation of modeling effects by high ambient temperatures , 1972 .

[32]  J McCord,et al.  Drunken drivers in longitudinal perspective. , 1984, Journal of studies on alcohol.

[33]  Robert T. Holden,et al.  The Contagiousness of Aircraft Hijacking , 1986, American Journal of Sociology.

[34]  R. Michalowski,et al.  Violence in the Road: The Crime of Vehicular Homicide , 1975 .

[35]  D. Phillips The influence of suggestion on suicide: substantive and theoretical implications of the Werther effect. , 1974, American sociological review.

[36]  A. Doob,et al.  Status of Frustrator as an Inhibitor of Horn-Honking Responses , 1968 .

[37]  R. Baron,et al.  Aggression as a function of ambient temperature and prior anger arousal. , 1972, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[38]  Leonard Berkowitz,et al.  WEAPONS AS AGGRESSION-ELICITING STIMULI. , 1967 .

[39]  P. Salzberg,et al.  Personality subtypes among driving-while-intoxicated offenders: follow-up of subsequent driving records. , 1986, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[40]  J. Richman The Motor Car and the Territorial Aggression Thesis: Some Aspects of the Sociology of the Street , 1972, The Sociological review.

[41]  V. Konečni,et al.  The mediation of aggressive behavior: arousal level versus anger and cognitive labeling. , 1975, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[42]  A. L. Beaman,et al.  Effects of altered responsibility, congnitive set, and modeling on physical aggression and deindividuation. , 1975, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[43]  B. Greenberg,et al.  Television Violence and Its Potential for Aggressive Driving Behavior. , 1974 .

[44]  A. Buss,et al.  An inventory for assessing different kinds of hostility. , 1957, Journal of consulting psychology.

[45]  Melvin L. Selzer,et al.  Fatal Accidents: The Role of Psychopathology, Social Stress, and Acute Disturbance , 1968 .

[46]  H. L. Henderson,et al.  Cartoon reaction scale with special reference to driving behavior. , 1966, Journal of Applied Psychology.

[47]  R. Baron,et al.  Ambient temperature and the occurrence of collective violence: the "long, hot summer" revisited. , 1978, Journal of personality and social psychology.