Effects of inhaled fine particles and ozone on pulmonary macrophages and epithelia

AbstractThe health effects of oxidant gas mixtures containing fine particles from dilute diesel exhaust were examined using the rat as a laboratory model to determine if the presence of diesel soot particles would worsen the effects observed following exposures to oxidant gases alone. The study was designed to simulate an environmental scenario of acute and repeated exposures to polluted ambient atmospheres such as those that occur in southern California, where automotive emissions contribute to the production of oxidant gases such as ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Dilute diesel exhaust (scrubbed of sulfur dioxide, SO2, and carbon monoxide, CO), containing 250 or 500 μglm3 diesel soot particles and nitric oxide (NO), was mixed with 0.4 or 0.6 ppm O3, respectively. Chemical reactions within the mixture converted all NO to NO2 and nitric acid (ranging from 110 to 260 uglm3). Therefore, to determine the potential health impact of the particles, the effects of the diesel soot mixture were compared wit...

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