융합이 기술혁신패턴에 미치는 영향과 대응전략

The convergence of technology and industry has been recognised as a key to overcome growth slowdown in major industries at the country level. However, evidence-based policies and institutions regarding the convergence are still in its infancy. A theory of technological innovation patterns, which is one of major theories on technological innovation, argues that policies must be set in the context of industrial innovations considering its key attributes and innovation paths. Based on the theory, understanding relationships between the patterns and convergence can provide significant insights to formulate appropriate policies on industry convergence. This research has questioned that the Pavitt’s theory of technological innovation patterns analysing British firms a few decades ago is still available for major industries in Korea. Other issues to be questioned are what the impacts of convergence which widely spreads out every technology and industry on technological innovation patterns are and how to verify them. Based on the questions, this research aims to analyse technological innovation patterns for major industries in Korea by periods and to identify the impacts of convergence on the patterns. Furthermore, policy directions can be suggested based on the results in order to be ready to upcoming technological innovation challenges. The research focused on two major leading industries, automobile and display. It divided historical trajectories of both industries into three parts and analysed their key attributes of industry environment and institution, technological regime and organizational response by each period. The cases were analysed using a framework combined two theories of technological innovation patterns and sectoral innovation systems accompanied by patent data for quantitative analysis. As a result, technological innovation patterns of both automobile and display industries have transformed from scale-intensive to science-based in Pavitt’s taxonomy by periods. In particular, convergence between electronic engineering and information and communication technology (ICT) has led to radical transformation in the automobile industry. Meanwhile, changes of display industry have been mainly caused by convergence between semiconductor materials technology and nanotechnology. In addition, the co-evolution of technology regime and industry environment and institution has influenced the changes of technological innovation patterns. With the results of analysis, the research recommends several applicable policies to improve coherence between industry environment and institution, technological regime and organizational response. Firstly, a guideline and roadmap for regulation improvement are required to respond next architecture transformation. Secondly, domestic mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and joint ventures should be accelerated. Thirdly, it is necessary to raise specialized research and development (R&D) companies and to access a niche market generated by segmented value chain trends. Fourthly, monitoring systems offering information on technology and industry convergence are required under scrutiny of global trends in regulation changes. Fifthly, there is a need to promote initial markets targeting on convergence products through innovative public procurement systems. Lastly, task-force team underlying interdepartmental agreement and incentives for performances are essential to compel integrated policies.