Performance Evolution Matrix: Visualizing Performance Variations Along Software Versions

Software performance may be significantly affected by source code modifications. Understanding the effect of these changes along different software versions is a challenging and necessary activity to debug performance failures. It is not sufficiently supported by existing profiling tools and visualization approaches. Practitioners would need to manually compare calling context trees and call graphs. We aim at better supporting the comparison of benchmark executions along multiple software versions. We propose Performance Evolution Matrix, an interactive visualization technique that contrasts runtime metrics to source code changes. It combines a comparison of time series data and execution graphs in a matrix layout, showing performance and source code metrics at different levels of granularity. The approach guides practitioners from the high-level identification of a performance regression to the changes that might have caused the issue. We conducted a controlled experiment with 12 participants to provide empirical evidence of the viability of our method. The results indicate that our approach can reduce the effort for identifying sources of performance regressions compared to traditional profiling visualizations.