Coexisting morphoea and granuloma annulare—are the conditions related?

Granuloma annulare and localized morphoea are both well described in the dermatological literature. We now present two patients with both of these diseases, a comorbidity rarely described. A possible pathogenic relationship is discussed.

[1]  V. Morhenn Cell-mediated autoimmune diseases of the skin: some hypotheses. , 1997, Medical hypotheses.

[2]  S. Tajima,et al.  Systemic scleroderma and perforating granuloma annulare: differential diagnosis from calcinosis. , 1996, Dermatology.

[3]  G. Saed,et al.  Borrelia burgdorferi DNA is undetectable by polymerase chain reaction in skin lesions of morphea, scleroderma, or lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of patients from North America. , 1995, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[4]  R. Winkelmann,et al.  Localized scleroderma associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical observations. , 1993, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[5]  M. Kallioinen,et al.  Collagen synthesis in granuloma annulare. , 1992, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[6]  V. Ho,et al.  Cutaneous manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders. Part I. , 1992, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[7]  H. Claman Mast cells and fibrosis. The relevance to scleroderma. , 1990, Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America.

[8]  B. W. Berger Dermatologic manifestations of Lyme disease. , 1989, Reviews of infectious diseases.

[9]  R. Winkelmann,et al.  Generalized granuloma annulare: histopathology and immunopathology. Systematic review of 100 cases and comparison with localized granuloma annulare. , 1989, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[10]  K. Kragballe,et al.  Antibodies to the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum in patients with scleroderma, granuloma annulare and porphyria cutanea tarda. , 1989, Acta dermato-venereologica.

[11]  M. Dahl SPECULATIONS ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF GRANULOMA ANNULARE * , 1985, The Australasian journal of dermatology.

[12]  R. Holmes,et al.  Morphoea, sclerotic panatrophy and disseminated granuloma annulare , 1983, Clinical and experimental dermatology.

[13]  A. Eisen,et al.  Scleroderma: increased biosynthesis of triple-helical type I and type III procollagens associated with unaltered expression of collagenase by skin fibroblasts in culture. , 1979, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[14]  N Rowell,et al.  Systemic sclerosis. , 1968, British medical journal.

[15]  S A M JOHNSON,et al.  The cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus. , 1948, The Nebraska state medical journal.