Next Generation Automotive Architecture Modeling and Exploration for Autonomous Driving

To support emerging applications in autonomous and semi-autonomous driving, next-generation automotive systems will be equipped with an increasing number of heterogeneous components (sensors, actuators and computation units connected through various buses), and have to process a high volume of data to percept the environment accurately and efficiently. Challenges for such systems include system integration, prediction, verification and validation. In this work, we propose an architecture modeling and exploration framework for evaluating various software and hardware architecture options. The framework will facilitate system integration and optimization, and enable validation of various design metrics such as timing, reliability, security and performance.

[1]  Bart Vermeulen,et al.  Startup error detection and containment to improve the robustness of hybrid FlexRay networks , 2014, 2014 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[2]  Sujan Pandey,et al.  Transient errors resiliency analysis technique for automotive safety critical applications , 2014, 2014 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[3]  Ulf Schlichtmann,et al.  Reliability challenges for electric vehicles: From devices to architecture and systems software , 2013, 2013 50th ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[4]  Matti Valovirta,et al.  Experimental Security Analysis of a Modern Automobile , 2011 .

[5]  S. Ramesh,et al.  Compositional modeling and analysis of automotive feature product lines , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[6]  Daniel Hahn,et al.  Complexity, quality and robustness - the challenges of tomorrow's automotive electronics , 2012, 2012 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[7]  Alois Knoll,et al.  An Automated Electric Vehicle Prototype Showing New Trends in Automotive Architectures , 2015, 2015 IEEE 18th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[8]  Bernhard Schätz,et al.  Automating design-space exploration: Optimal deployment of automotive SW-components in an ISO26262 context , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[9]  Yue Gao,et al.  Analysis and optimization of soft error tolerance strategies for real-time systems , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS).

[10]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  Security-aware mapping for CAN-based real-time distributed automotive systems , 2013, 2013 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD).

[11]  Suhaib A. Fahmy,et al.  Security aware network controllers for next generation automotive embedded systems , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[12]  Michael Glaß,et al.  Considering diagnosis functionality during automatic system-level design of automotive networks , 2012, DAC Design Automation Conference 2012.

[13]  Peter H. Feiler,et al.  The Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL): An Introduction , 2006 .

[14]  Martin Lukasiewycz,et al.  Security analysis of automotive architectures using probabilistic model checking , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[15]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  Optimization of task allocation and priority assignment in hard real-time distributed systems , 2012, TECS.

[16]  Myoungho Sunwoo,et al.  Development of Autonomous Car—Part I: Distributed System Architecture and Development Process , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[17]  Myoungho Sunwoo,et al.  Development of Autonomous Car—Part II: A Case Study on the Implementation of an Autonomous Driving System Based on Distributed Architecture , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[18]  T. Kanade,et al.  Toward autonomous driving: the CMU Navlab. II. Architecture and systems , 1991, IEEE Expert.

[19]  Peng Deng,et al.  Design and verification for transportation system security , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[20]  Sandeep K. Shukla,et al.  The challenge of interoperability: Model-based integration for automotive control software , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[21]  Sebastian Thrun,et al.  Junior: The Stanford entry in the Urban Challenge , 2008, J. Field Robotics.

[22]  Peng Deng,et al.  Cross-Layer Codesign for Secure Cyber-Physical Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems.

[23]  Rolf Ernst,et al.  Formal worst-case timing analysis of Ethernet topologies with strict-priority and AVB switching , 2012, 7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12).

[24]  John B. Kenney,et al.  Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) Standards in the United States , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[25]  Steffen Müller,et al.  Automotive Ethernet, a Holistic Approach for a Next Generation In-Vehicle Networking Standard , 2012 .

[26]  Alexandre Petrenko,et al.  Model-based testing of automotive software: Some challenges and solutions , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[27]  Tankut Acarman,et al.  Autonomous Ground Vehicles , 2011 .

[28]  William Whittaker,et al.  Autonomous driving in urban environments: Boss and the Urban Challenge , 2008, J. Field Robotics.

[29]  Joost-Pieter Katoen,et al.  Model-based energy optimization of automotive control systems , 2013, 2013 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[30]  Sebastian Thrun,et al.  Stanley: The robot that won the DARPA Grand Challenge , 2006, J. Field Robotics.

[31]  Rolf Drechsler,et al.  Safety evaluation of automotive electronics using Virtual Prototypes: State of the art and research challenges , 2014, 2014 51st ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[32]  Bharadwaj Veeravalli,et al.  Workload uncertainty characterization and adaptive frequency scaling for energy minimization of embedded systems , 2015, 2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[33]  Edward A. Lee,et al.  Aspect-oriented modeling of attacks in automotive Cyber-Physical Systems , 2014, 2014 51st ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[34]  Arquimedes Canedo,et al.  Functional modeling compiler for system-level design of automotive cyber-physical systems , 2014, 2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD).

[35]  Rolf Ernst,et al.  Improving formal timing analysis of switched ethernet by exploiting FIFO scheduling , 2015, 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[36]  Rene Queck.  Analysis of Ethernet AVB for automotive networks using Network Calculus , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES 2012).

[37]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  Period Optimization for Hard Real-time Distributed Automotive Systems , 2007, 2007 44th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference.

[38]  Michael Glaß,et al.  A self-propagating wakeup mechanism for point-to-point networks with partial network support , 2014, 2014 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[39]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  Security-aware mapping for TDMA-based real-time distributed systems , 2014, 2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD).

[40]  Minghua Chen,et al.  A cost efficient online algorithm for automotive idling reduction , 2014, 2014 51st ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[41]  Ernst D. Dickmanns,et al.  Autonomous Road Vehicle Guidance in Normal Traffic , 1995, ACCV.

[42]  Sanjiv Singh,et al.  The DARPA Urban Challenge: Autonomous Vehicles in City Traffic, George Air Force Base, Victorville, California, USA , 2009, The DARPA Urban Challenge.

[43]  Michael Glaß,et al.  Advanced diagnosis: SBST and BIST integration in automotive E/E architectures , 2014, 2014 51st ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC).

[44]  James H. Anderson,et al.  Globally scheduled real-time multiprocessor systems with GPUs , 2011, Real-Time Systems.

[45]  Anuradha M. Annaswamy,et al.  Fault-tolerant control synthesis and verification of distributed embedded systems , 2014, 2014 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE).

[46]  Mahdi Shahbakhti,et al.  Early Model-Based Design and Verification of Automotive Control System Software Implementations , 2015 .