Why is CMOS scaling coming to an END?

The continued physical feature size scaling of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors is experiencing asperities due to several factors, and it is expected to reach its boundary at size of 22 nm technology by 2018. This paper discusses and analyzes the main challenges and limitations of CMOS scaling, not only from physical and technological point of view, but also from material (e.g., high-k vs. low-k) and economical point of view as well. The paper also addresses alternative non-CMOS devices (i.e., nanodevices) that are potentially able to solve the CMOS problems and limitations.

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