Excretion of organic chlorine compounds in the urine of persons exposed to vapours of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene

Ogata, M., Yoshiko, T., and Tomokuni, K. (1971).Brit. J. industr. Med.,28, 386-391. Excretion of organic chlorine compounds in the urine of persons exposed to vapours of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. Male volunteers were exposed to 170 p.p.m. of trichloroethylene vapour either for 3 hours or for 7 hours with one break of 1 hour; or to 87 p.p.m. of tetrachloroethylene vapour for 3 hours. Urine was collected frequently up to 100 hours after the start of exposure, and was analysed for trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid. After trichloroethylene exposure, trichloroethanol was excreted most rapidly shortly after exposure ceased, and trichloroacetic acid most rapidly 42 to 69 hours after exposure ceased. Total recoveries of trichloroethylene inhaled, up to 100 hours, were: trichloroethanol, after 3 hours' exposure, 53·1%; after 7 hours' exposure, 44%; trichloroacetic acid, similarly: 21·9% and 18·1%. The effects of exposure on blood pressure, pulse rate, flicker value, and reaction time were measured. The diastolic blood pressure was decreased significantly after 3 hours' exposure to 170 p.p.m. trichloroethylene. After tetrachloroethylene exposure, in 67 hours trichloroacetic acid was excreted to 1·8% tetrachloroethylene retained and an unknown chloride equivalent to 1·0%. Urine samples from 10 workers in an automobile parts factory were analysed for trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid. Trichloroethanol concentrations in the urine taken after work were higher than in the urine taken before work while for trichloroacetic acid the concentrations were reversed, due to the difference in the time course of excretion. The urinary levels of trichloroethanol, trichloroacetic acid, and total trichloro compounds were almost proportional to the environmental concentration of trichloroethylene.

[1]  M. Ogata,et al.  A simple method for the quantitative analysis of urinary trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid as an index of trichloroethylene exposure , 1970, British journal of industrial medicine.

[2]  M Ogata,et al.  Urinary excretion of hippuric acid and m- or p-methylhippuric acid in the urine of persons exposed to vapours of toluene and m- or p-xylene as a test of exposure , 1970, British journal of industrial medicine.

[3]  S. Tanaka,et al.  A Method for Determination of Trichloroethanol and Trichloroacetic Acid in Urine , 1968, British journal of industrial medicine.

[4]  K. Sugiyama,et al.  Investigation of A Dry-Cleaning Shop Using Tetrachloro-ethylene (with a special reference to Fujiwara's substance in the urine of the employees) , 1962 .

[5]  S. Yllner Urinary Metabolites of 14C-Tetrachloroethylene in Mice , 1961, Nature.

[6]  B. Soucek,et al.  Excretion of Trichloroethylene Metabolites in Human Urine , 1960, British Journal of Industrial Medicine.

[7]  S FORSSMAN,et al.  Evaluating trichloroethylene exposures by urinalyses for trichloroacetic acid. , 1951, A.M.A. archives of industrial hygiene and occupational medicine.

[8]  R. Frant,et al.  Medical control on exposure of industrial workers to trichloroethylene. , 1950, Archives of industrial hygiene and occupational medicine.

[9]  M. Ogata,et al.  ATP AND LIPID CONTENTS IN THE LIVER OF MICE AFTER INHALATION OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS , 1968 .

[10]  S A Roach,et al.  A more rational basis for air sampling programs. , 1966, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.