A Robust Watermarking Scheme against Frame Blending, Projection and Content Adaptation Attacks

Camcorder based video copy attack has become a serious threat to the electronic movie distribution services. In literature, it is found that main distortions caused during cam-cording are frame blending and projection attacks. Though, several watermarking schemes exist to handle geometric distortions caused during cam-cording, very few of them are robust against temporal distortion. Based on the existing limitations of the state-of-art literature, a blind watermarking scheme which is robust against both frame blending and projection attacks is proposed in this paper. Using scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) and higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD), the temporal synchronization between cam-corded video and source video is achieved. Further, SIFT and log-polar transform are used together to achieve spatial synchronization of the embedding locations. The main contribution of this work is twofold, primarily it handles the frame blending and projection attacks during cam-cording and secondly it prevents the distortion in the watermark signal when different content adaptation is done specially when the quality and temporal adaptation is done in case of scalable video. A comprehensive set of experiments has been carried out to show the applicability of the proposed scheme over the existing literature.